Korean J Schizophr Res.  2022 Apr;25(1):10-16. 10.16946/kjsr.2022.25.1.10.

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Psychosis

Affiliations
  • 1Department of Social Psychiatry and Rehabilitation, National Center for Mental Health, Seoul, Korea

Abstract

Cognitive behavioral therapy for psychosis (CBTp) is recommended by the National Treatment Guidelines in both the U.K. and the U.S. Consistent reports of moderate effect sizes have led to such interventions being suggested as part of routine clinical practice. However. Access to CBTp is poor due to a variety of factors, including training and resources. Therapeutic developments should be based on the theoretical understanding of cognitive models and psychological process associated with stress-vulnerability model. Cognitive models of psychosis incorporate the role of negative core beliefs, hypervigilance for threat, scanning for confirmatory evidence and safety behavior. The current evidence about CBTp is reviewed regarding various methods such as low-intensity of CBTp, different formats of therapy (e.g., individual or group), and phase of illness (e.g., acute or treatment-resistant) of subjects. This review suggests that that patients with psychosis with various disease phase need to be derived more benefit from appropriate adjunctive CBTp.

Keyword

Cognitive behavioral therapy; Cognitive model; Psychosis; Schizophrenia; Stress; Vulnerability; 스트레스; 인지모델; 인지행동치료; 정신증; 조현병; 취약성

Reference

1. Beck AT. Successful out-patient psychotherapy of a chronic schizophrenic with a delusion based on borrowed guilt. Psychiatry. 1952; 15:205–212.
Article
2. National Collaborating Centre for Mental Health (UK). Schizophrenia: core interventions in the treatment and management of schizophrenia in adults in primary and secondary care (update). Leicester: British Psychological Society;2009.
3. Wykes T, Steel C, Everitt B, Tarrier N. Cognitive behaviour therapy for schizophrenia: effect sizes, clinical models and methodological rigour. Schizophr Bull. 2008; 34:523–537.
Article
4. Jones C, Hacker D, Coarmac I, Meaden A, Irving CB. Cognitive behaviour therapy versus other psychosocial treatments for schizophrenia. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2012; 4:CD008712.
Article
5. Lynch D, Laws KR, McKenna PJ. Cognitive behavioural therapy for major psychiatric disorder: does it really work? A meta-analytical review of well-controlled trials. Psychol Med. 2009; 40:9–24.
Article
6. Pfammatter M, Junghan U, Brenner H. Efficacy of psychological therapy in schizophrenia: conclusions from meta-analyses. Schizophr Bull. 2006; 32:S64–S80.
Article
7. Zimmermann G, Favrod J, Trieu V, Pomini V. The effect of cognitive behavioural treatment on schizophrenia spectrum disorders: a meta-analysis. Schizophr Res. 2005; 77:1–9.
Article
8. Berry K, Haddock G. The implementation of the NICE guidelines for schizophrenia: Barriers to the implementation of psychological interventions and recommendations for the future. Psychol Psychother. 2008; 81:419–436.
9. Garety PA, Kuipers EK, Fowler D, Freeman D, Bebbington PE. A cognitive model of the positive symptoms of psychosis. Psychol Med. 2001; 31:189–195.
10. Morrison AP. The interpretation of intrusions in psychosis: an integrative cognitive approach to psychotic symptoms. Behav Cog Psychother. 2001; 29:257–276.
11. Kingdon DG, Turkingto D. Cognitive therapy of schizophrenia (Korean version translated by Sang Soo Lee). Paju: Koonja press;2019.
12. Garety P, Freeman D. Cognitive approaches to delusions: a critical review of theories and evidence. Br J Clin Psychol. 1999; 38:113–154.
Article
13. Chadwick P, Birchwood M, Trower P. Cognitive therapy of voices, delusions, and paranoia. Chichester: Wiley;1996.
14. Ross CA, Anderson G, Clark P. Childhood abuse and positive symptoms of schizophrenia. Hosp Community Psychiatry. 1994; 45:489–491.
15. Walsh E, Moran P, Scott C, McKenzie K, Burns T, Creed F, et al. Prevalence of violent victimization in severe mental illness. Br J Psychiatry. 2003; 183:233–238.
Article
16. Grattan RE, Lara N, Botello RM, Tryon VL, Maguire AM, Carter CS, et al. A history of trauma is associated with aggression, depression, non-suicidal self-injury behavior, and suicide ideation in first-episode psychosis. J Clin Med. 2019; 8:1082.
Article
17. Read J, van Os J, Morrison A, Ross C. Childhood trauma, psychosis and schizophrenia: a literature review with theoretical and clinical implications. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 2005; 112:330–350.
Article
18. Fowler D, Freeman D, Smith B, Kuipers E, Bebbington P, Bashforth H, et al. The brief core schema questionnaire (BCSS): psychometric properties and associations with paranoia and grandiosity in non-clinical and psychosis samples. Psychol Med. 2006; 36:749–759.
Article
19. Moorhead S, Samarasekera N, Turkington D. Schemas, psychotic themes and depression: a preliminary investigation. Behav Cog Psychother. 2005; 33:115–117.
Article
20. Steel C, Fowler D, Holmes EA. Traumatic intrusions in psychosis: an information processing account. Behav Cog Psychother. 2005; 33:139–152.
21. Ehlers A, Clark DM. A cognitive model of posttraumatic stress disorder. Behav Res Ther. 2000; 38:319–345.
Article
22. Romme MA, Escher AD. Hearing voices. Schizophr Bull. 1989; 15:209–216.
Article
23. Kingdon DG, Turkington D. Cognitive-behavioral therapy of schizophrenia. New York: Guilford Pres;1994.
24. Birchwood M, Chadwick P. The omnipotence of voices: testing the validity of a cognitive model. Psychol Med. 1997; 27:1345–1353.
Article
25. Peters E, Day S, McKenna J, Orbach G. Delusional ideation in religious and psychotic populations. Br J Clin Psychol. 1999; 38:83–96.
Article
26. Freeman D. Suspicious minds: the psychology of persecutory delusions. Clin Psychol Rev. 2007; 27:425–457.
Article
27. Garety PA, Fowler DA, Freeman D, Bebbington P, Dunn G, Kuipers E. A randomised controlled trial of cognitive behavioural therapy and family intervention for the prevention of relapse and the reduction of symptoms in schizophrenia. Br J Psychiatry. 2008; 192:412–423.
Article
28. Naeem F, Farooq S, Kingdon D. Cognitive behavioural therapy (brief versus standard duration) for schizophrenia. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2014; CD010646.
Article
29. Naeem F, Khoury B, Munshi T, Ayub M, Lecomte T, Kingdon D, et al. Brief cognitive behavioral therapy for psychosis (CBTp) for schizophrenia: literature review and meta-analysis. Int J Cog Ther. 2016; 9:1–14.
Article
30. Hazell CM, Hayward M, Cavanagh K, Strauss C. A systematic review and meta-analysis of low intensity CBT for psychosis. Clin Psychol Rev. 2016; 45:183–192.
Article
31. Lehman AF, Lieberman JA, Dixon LB, McGlashan TH, Miller AL, Perkins DO, et al. Practice guideline for the treatment of patients with schizophrenia, second edition. Am J Psychiatry. 2004; 161:1–56.
32. Pitt L, Kilbride M, Nothard S, Welford M, Morrison AP. Researching recovery from psychosis: a user-led project. Psychiatr Bull. 2007; 31:55–60.
Article
33. Wood L, Burke E, Morrison A. Individual cognitive behavioural therapy for psychosis (CBTp): a systematic review of qualitative literature. Behav Cogn Psychother. 2015; 43:285–297.
Article
34. Saska IR, Cohen SI, Srihari VH, Woods SW. Cognitive behavior therapy for early psychosis: a comprehensive review of individual vs. group treatment studies. Int J Group Psychother. 2009; 59:357–383.
Article
35. Owen M, Sellwood W, Kan S, Muray J, Sarsam M. Group CBT for psychosis: a longitudinal, controlled trial with inpatients. Behav Res Ther. 2015; 65:76–85.
Article
36. Lewis SW, Tarrier N, Haddock G, Bentall R, Kinderman P, Kingdon D, et al. Randomised controlled trial of cognitive-behaviour therapy in early schizophrenia: acute phase outcomes. Br J Psychiatry. 2002; 181(S43):91–97.
37. Suzuki T, Remington G, Mulsant BH, Uchida H, Rajji TK, Graff-Guerrero A, et al. Defining treatment-resistant schizophrenia and response to antipsychotics: a review and recommendation. Psychiatr Res. 2012; 197:1–6.
Article
38. Burns AMN, Erickson DH, Brenner CA. Cognitive-behavioral therapy for medication-resistant psychosis: a meta-analytic review. Psychiatr Serv. 2014; 65:874–880.
Article
Full Text Links
  • KJSR
Actions
Cited
CITED
export Copy
Close
Share
  • Twitter
  • Facebook
Similar articles
Copyright © 2024 by Korean Association of Medical Journal Editors. All rights reserved.     E-mail: koreamed@kamje.or.kr