Neonatal Med.  2022 Feb;29(1):1-9. 10.5385/nm.2022.29.1.1.

Factors Associated with Nasal Intermittent Positive Pressure Ventilation Failure in Late Preterm and Term Infants with Respiratory Distress after Birth

• Shim GH

• KMID: 2527255
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.5385/nm.2022.29.1.1

Abstract

Purpose
We examined the factors associated with nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) failure in late preterm and term infants with respiratory distress after birth.
Methods
A retrospective cohort study was conducted on late preterm and term infants with respiratory distress after birth from January 2015 to December 2020. The medical records of 132 infants, who received NIPPV as primary respiratory therapy before 6 hours of age, were retrospectively examined. We excluded five neonates who were either transferred to another hospital (n=2) or presented with congenital anomalies (n=3).
Results
The remaining 127 neonates were divided into the NIPPV success group (n=82) and NIPPV failure group (n=45). NIPPV failure was associated with birth in a community hospital, the need for a surfactant, and a high maximum respiratory severity score (RSS ≥2.5) on the first day of life. In the subgroup analysis, NIPPV failure in late preterm infants was associated with a lower gestational age, birth in a community hospital, and an RSS ≥2.5 on the first day of life. In addition, NIPPV failure in term infants was associated with birth in a community hospital, the need for a surfactant, and an RSS ≥2.5 on the first day of life.
Conclusion
Birth in a community hospital, the need for a surfactant, and an RSS ≥2.5 on the first day of life were significant factors associated with NIPPV failure in late preterm and term infants.

Keyword

Noninvasive ventilation; Respiratory insufficiency; Treatment failure; Infant, premature; Infant, newborn

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