J Korean Ophthalmol Soc.  2021 Dec;62(12):1637-1642. 10.3341/jkos.2021.62.12.1637.

Clinical Features of the Fellow Eyes of Children with Unilateral Facial Port-Wine Stains and Ipsilateral Glaucoma

• Shin YI
• Kim YK
• Choe S
• Lee YJ
• Jang M
• Wy S
• Jeoung JW
• Park KH

• KMID: 2523317
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.3341/jkos.2021.62.12.1637

Abstract

Purpose
To investigate the clinical features of non-affected fellow eyes in patients with unilateral facial port-wine stain (PWS) and ipsilateral secondary glaucoma.
Methods
We performed a retrospective analysis of the medical records of 35 patients with unilateral facial PWS glaucoma and those of controls (35 subjects without both facial PWS and glaucoma) between September 1996 and May 2020. We noted patients’ age at the glaucoma diagnosis (for unilateral facial PWS glaucoma patients) or at the initial examination (for controls), cup-to-disc ratio (CDR), and intraocular pressure (IOP). We compared the clinical features between the glaucoma-free eyes in patients with unilateral facial PWS glaucoma and the controls.
Results
The mean age at the glaucoma diagnosis for unilateral facial PWS glaucoma patients was 0.56 ± 0.99 years (range, 0.08-4). The mean IOP of the glaucoma-free eyes was 16.68 ± 5.73 mmHg (range, 9-22.9), and the mean CDR was 0.37 ± 0.14 (range, 0.15-0.80) at glaucoma diagnosis. The mean IOP of the glaucoma-free eyes was 14.14 ± 6.29 mmHg (range, 8.1-26.7), and the mean CDR was 0.37 ± 0.12 (range, 0.26-0.82) at final examination. When comparing glaucoma-free eyes of the unilateral facial PWS glaucoma patients with the control group (mean age, 11.2 ± 7.4 years), the mean CDR was significantly greater (0.37 ± 0.12 vs. 0.30 ± 0.08; p = 0.014) but there was no significant difference in the mean IOP (14.14 ± 6.29 mmHg vs. 14.57 ± 2.49 mmHg; p = 0.712).
Conclusions
The glaucoma-free eyes of unilateral facial PWS glaucoma patients showed greater CDR compared to the non-facial PWS and non-glaucoma controls. Additional longitudinal studies are needed to investigate the clinical course of those eyes, whether the risk of developing glaucoma is increased.

Keyword

Facial port-wine stain, Glaucoma, Nevus flammeus, Sturge-Weber syndrome