Korean J Health Promot.  2021 Sep;21(3):117-128. 10.15384/kjhp.2021.21.3.117.

Exercise Experience of Elderly Medicaid Beneficiaries with Osteoarthritis Based on Self-Determination Theory

• Ahn YH
• Choi J

• KMID: 2520794
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.15384/kjhp.2021.21.3.117

Abstract

Background
Osteoarthritis is the most common chronic disease among elders, and it crucially requires self-management. This study aimed to qualitatively examine exercise experiences of elderly Medicaid beneficiaries with osteoarthritis receiving exercise intervention based on self-determination theory (SDT).
Methods
Eight elders who received a community-based exercise intervention were interviewed three times. Using the interview transcriptions and field notes, researchers conducted an interpretative phenomenological analysis based on SDT to explore the motivational process of exercise compliance.
Results
Three meaningful profiles (non-compliant, intermitter, and compliant) were identified along with satisfaction with needs (autonomy, competence, and relatedness) that motivate exercise compliance based on SDT. Compliance of exercise is primarily initiated by external regulation and followed by the internalization process of recognizing and accepting the value of the behavior.
Conclusions
The concepts of SDT could be used to explore factors associated with motivation and gradual behavior change among elderly Medicaid beneficiaries with osteoarthritis. Autonomy, competence, relatedness, external regulation, and identified regulation control may be applied to establish a strategy that promotes behavior change by satisfying the psychological needs and internalizing the behavior of these elders.

Keyword

Elderly; Exercise; Medicaid; Osteoarthritis; Qualitative research

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