J Nutr Health.  2021 Jun;54(3):247-261. 10.4163/jnh.2021.54.3.247.

The association of dietary patterns with insulin resistance in Korean adults: based on the 2015 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

• Kim IS
• Yang YJ

• KMID: 2517368
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4163/jnh.2021.54.3.247

Abstract

Purpose
This study was conducted to identify the association between insulin resistance and the major dietary patterns of Korean adults.
Methods
This study used data from the 2015 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The subjects were 2,276 adults aged 19 to 64 years old. Based on the food frequency questionnaire data, 112 food items were reclassified into 30 food groups. The principal component analysis method was applied to identify major dietary patterns. We used homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI) value as indicators of insulin resistance. The association between major dietary patterns and insulin resistance was investigated using logistic regression analysis.
Results
Three major dietary patterns were identified and assigned descriptive names based on the food items with high loadings: ‘healthy Korean meal pattern’, ‘western meal pattern’, and ‘white rice, alcohol, meat pattern’. As the ‘white rice, alcohol, meat pattern’ score increased, significant increasing trends for fasting glucose concentration and HOMA-IR and a significant decreasing trend for QUICKI were observed after adjusting for age and sex. The odds ratio of insulin resistance according to the ‘healthy Korean meal pattern’ and the ‘western meal pattern’ were not statistically significant. the ‘white rice, alcohol, meat pattern’ showed a significant positive association with the risk of insulin resistance after adjusting for covariates.
Conclusion
These results suggest that the ‘white rice, alcohol, meat pattern’ is positively associated with the risk of insulin resistance. The white rice, alcohol, meat pattern was related to the high consumption of alcohol together with rice or meat. This pattern was also associated with the high intake of sodium and low intakes of vitamin C, calcium, potassium, and dietary fiber. To confirm the association, further longitudinal studies are required.

Keyword

insulin resistance; factor analysis; dietary patterns; insulin sensitivity