Nucl Med Mol Imaging.  2021 Apr;55(2):71-78. 10.1007/s13139-021-00690-x.

A 4-Year Follow-Up of Subjects with Visually Equivocal Amyloid Positron Emission Tomography Findings from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative Cohort

• Kim JS
• Oh M
• Seo M
• Oh SY
• Kim H
• Byung Wook BW
• for the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative

• KMID: 2515025
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.1007/s13139-021-00690-x

Abstract

Background
To date, the clinical significance of visually equivocal amyloid positron emission tomography (PET) has not been well established.
Objective
We studied the clinical significance of equivocal amyloid PET images from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI).
Methods
Subjects with F-18 florbetapir PET scans at baseline who were followed up for 4 years were selected. Clinical characteristics, imaging biomarkers, cognitive function, and rate of conversion to AD were compared in subjects with visually equivocal findings.
Results
Of 249 subjects who completed the follow-up, 153 (61.4%), 20 (8.0%), and 129 (30.5%) were F-18 florbetapir-negative, -equivocal, and -positive, respectively. The mean standardized uptake value ratios (SUVR) of F-18 florbetapir PET were 0.75 ± 0.04, 0.85 ± 0.10, and 1.00 ± 0.09 for each group (p <0.001 between groups), and 15.0%, 70.0%, and 98.7% of patients were quantitatively above the positive threshold. The change in the SUVR of F-18 florbetapir PET was higher in the equivocal (6.09 ± 3.61%, p <0.001) and positive (3.13 ± 4.38%, p <0.001) groups than the negative group (0.88 ± 4.28%). Among the subjects with normal or subjective memory impairment and mild cognitive impairment, 5.3% with negative amyloid PET and 37.5% with positive amyloid PET converted to AD over the 4-year period. None of the equivocal amyloid PET subjects converted to AD during this period.