Ultrasonography.  2021 Jan;40(1):45-56. 10.14366/usg.20067.

Current status of image-based surveillance in hepatocellular carcinoma

Affiliations
  • 1Department of Radiology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
  • 2Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea

Abstract

Although the overall prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains poor, curative treatment may improve the survival of patients diagnosed at an early stage through surveillance. Accordingly, ultrasonography (US)-based HCC surveillance programs proposed in international society guidelines are now being implemented and regularly updated based on the latest evidence to improve their efficacy. Recently, other imaging modalities such as magnetic resonance imaging have shown potential as alternative surveillance tools based on individualized risk stratification. In this review article, we describe the current status of US-based surveillance for HCC and summarize the supporting evidence. We also discuss alternative surveillance imaging modalities that are currently being studied to validate their diagnostic performance and cost-effectiveness.

Keyword

Liver; Hepatocellular carcinoma; Surveillance; Ultrasonography; Magnetic resonance imaging
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