Nutr Res Pract.  2020 Dec;14(6):606-620. 10.4162/nrp.2020.14.6.606.

Effects of sleep-inducing juice on sleep quality and heart rate variability in adults with disturbed sleep

• Kim Cs
• Kim M
• Kim Mj
• Jung H

• KMID: 2508794
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4162/nrp.2020.14.6.606

Abstract

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES
Although some juices affect subjective sleep quality, there is a lack of information on the effect of a specific juice on objective sleep quality and heart rate variability (HRV) during sleep; thus the present study investigated whether a blended juice made from natural extracts influenced sleep quality and HRV during sleep in adults with disturbed sleep.
SUBJECTS/METHODS
A randomized, crossover study was conducted on twenty-five adults (15/10, female/male) complaining of difficulty initiating or maintaining nighttime sleep (Pittsburgh sleep quality index [PSQI] ≥ 5). During feeding sessions (FS), subjects received sleep-inducing juice made of natural ingredients (250 mL/trial) twice a day for 8 weeks or non-FS (N-FS) for 8 weeks while maintaining normal activities. Sleep quality and parameters were recorded via wearable actigraph for 7 consecutive days, and PSQI scores were assessed before and after the intervention. HRV was also monitored at rest and during sleep.
RESULTS
After receiving the sleep-inducing juice intervention (FS), PSQI scores were significantly decreased (P < 0.001) and correlated with a significant decline in fatigue severity scale and visual analogue scale levels (P < 0.05; both). HRV indices of vagal activity were significantly improved during FS (P < 0.05), and no significant differences in N-FS were observed. Sleep efficiency and total sleep time increased significantly (P < 0.05) and sleep latency, total counts, sleep fragmentation index, and movement index, decreased significantly (P < 0.05, all 4) during FS, with no significant differences-observed during N-FS.
CONCLUSIONS
This study results demonstrated that an 8-week course of sleep-inducing juice has led to improve sleep quality, suggesting an enhanced cardiac vagal tone during sleep. Thus, it could be a well-tolerated option for adults with disturbed sleep.

Keyword

Cross-over studies; sleep latency; autonomic nerves; heart rate

Figure

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  Fig. 1 Flow chart outlining participation.

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  Fig. 2 Schematic outlining interventions.FS, feeding sessions; N-FS, non-feeding sessions.

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  Fig. 3 Comparison between pre- and post-objective sleep quality index in SL and TC. Values are means ± SEM. P-values calculated by Wilcoxon's signed-rank test.SL, sleep latency; TC, total counts; N-FS, non-feeding session; FS, feeding session; SEM, standard error of mean.

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  Fig. 4 Comparison between pre- and post-objective sleep quality index in SE and SFI. Values are means ± SEM. P-values calculated by Wilcoxon's signed-rank test.SE, sleep efficiency; SFI, sleep fragmentation index; N-FS, non-feeding session; FS, feeding session; SEM, standard error of mean.

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