J Clin Neurol.
2020 Jul;16(3):438-447. 10.3988/jcn.2020.16.3.438.
Analysis of Risk Factors for a Poor Prognosis in Patients with Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Encephalitis and Construction of a Prognostic Composite Score
- Affiliations
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- 1Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
- 2Department of Neurology, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, China.
- 3Department of Biology and Biochemistry, Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
- 4Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
- 5Department of the First Clinical Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
- KMID: 2506617
- DOI: http://doi.org/10.3988/jcn.2020.16.3.438
Abstract
- Background and Purpose
Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis is the most-common form of autoimmune encephalitis, but its early diagnosis is challenging. This study aimed to identify the risk factors for a poor prognosis in anti-NMDAR encephalitis and construct a prognostic composite score for obtaining earlier predictions of a poor prognosis.
Methods
We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data, laboratory indexes, imaging findings, and electroencephalogram (EEG) data of 60 patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis. The modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores of patients were collected when they were discharged from the hospital. The mRS scores were used to divide the patients into two groups, with mRS scores of 3–6 defined as a poor prognosis. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze independent risk factors related to a poor prognosis.
Results
This study found that 23 (38.3%) and 37 (61.7%) patients had good and poor prognoses, respectively. Logistic regression analysis showed that age, disturbance of consciousness at admission, and ≥50% slow waves on the EEG were significantly associated with patient outcomes. An age, consciousness, and slow waves (ACS) composite score was constructed to predict the prognosis of patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis at an early stage based on regression coefficients.
Conclusions
Age, disturbance of consciousness at admission, and ≥50% slow waves on the EEG were independent risk factors for a poor prognosis. The ACS prognostic composite score could play a role in facilitating early predictions of the prognosis of anti-NMDAR encephalitis.
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