Korean J Urol Oncol.  2020 Aug;18(2):91-98. 10.22465/kjuo.2020.18.2.91.

Approaches for Personalized Drug Development in Bladder Cancer Patients

• Seol HS
• Chang IH

• KMID: 2505887
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.22465/kjuo.2020.18.2.91

Abstract

Bladder cancer, which affects the bladder mucosa, is the ninth most common disease worldwide. There are manytypes of cancerous tissue in the bladder. Most exhibit low malignancy, but their recurrence rate is higher incomparison to more malignant tissues. Only 10%–15% progress to invasive bladder cancer and metastasize tothe lung, liver, and bone, which is significantly difficult to treat. The anticancer efficacy developed for the treatmentof highly malignant bladder cancer does not equally apply to all patients, and the side effects vary. To solvethis problem, studies have been conducted on various verification systems and patient-specific drug development.For example, an organ-on-a-chip model using patient cancer cells is being actively researched as an anticancerdrug verification system. A study on screening anticancer drugs according to cancer biomarkers unique to individualpatients is also in progress. In addition, studies have recently been conducted on immune anticancer drugs thatexhibit excellent anticancer efficacy. This report discusses various validation systems and drug screening criteriafor the development of patient-specific drugs. We propose that it is possible to evaluate the efficacy of anticancerdrugs for each patient, understand drug mechanism patterns in humans, and develop treatment that preventscancer metastasis.

Keyword

Urinary bladder neoplasms; Organoid; Organ-on-a-chip; Drug screening