J Korean Med Sci.  2020 Jul;35(27):e229. 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e229.

Clinical Implications of Early Exercise Treadmill Testing after Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in the Drug-eluting Stent Era

Affiliations
  • 1Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Goyang, Korea
  • 2Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Heart Vascular Stroke Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea

Abstract

Background
Limited data are available on the clinical meaning of early routine exercise treadmill testing (ETT) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in the drug-eluting stent era. We aimed to determine the clinical utility and implications of early routine ETT after PCI.
Methods
This was a single-center, prospective cohort study. A total of 776 patients underwent ETT within 3 months after index PCI were analyzed. We classified patients into ETT positive (+) and negative (−) groups and compared major adverse cardiac events (MACE) including all-cause death, myocardial infarction, and coronary revascularization.
Results
The median follow-up duration was 19.6 months (interquartile range, 15.4 to 33.5 months). ETT was positive for 63 patients (17.1%) with single-vessel disease (VD) and 150 patients (36.9%) with multi-VD. Previous PCI, absence of thrombotic lesion, multi-VD, and residual Synergy Between PCI With Taxus and Cardiac Surgery (SYNTAX) score > 8 were independent predictors of ETT (+). Compared with the ETT (−) group, the ETT (+) group was associated with increased risk of MACE for patients with single-VD (18.1% vs. 52.3%; adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 2.67; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.10–6.49; P = 0.03) and residual SYNTAX score ≤ 8 (26.5% vs. 42.1%; adjusted HR, 1.90; 95% CI, 1.09–3.30; P = 0.02), but not for patients with multi-VD and residual SYNTAX score > 8.
Conclusion
Early routine ETT after PCI might be helpful for predicting clinical outcomes in patients with single-VD and residual SYNTAX score ≤ 8 but not multi-VD and residual SYNTAX score > 8.

Keyword

Exercise Treadmill Testing; Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

Figure

  • Fig. 1 Study design and population.ETT = exercise treadmill testing, PCI = percutaneous coronary intervention, VD = vessel disease, MACE = major adverse cardiac events, MI = myocardial infarction.

  • Fig. 2 Kaplan-Meier curves for MACE according to ETT (−) and ETT (+) groups. (A) single-VD and (B) multi-VD.MACE = major adverse cardiac events, ETT = exercise treadmill testing, VD = vessel disease.

  • Fig. 3 Kaplan-Meier curves for MACE according to ETT (−) and ETT (+) groups. (A) residual SYNTAX score ≤ 8, or (B) > 8.MACE = major adverse cardiac events, ETT = exercise treadmill testing, PCI = percutaneous coronary intervention, SYNTAX = Synergy Between PCI With Taxus and Cardiac Surgery.


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