J Periodontal Implant Sci.  2020 Jun;50(3):197-206. 10.5051/jpis.2020.50.3.197.

Histological comparison of different compressive forces on particulate grafts during alveolar ridge preservation: a prospective proof-of-concept study

• Lee SJ
• Kang DY
• Cho IW
• Shin HS
• Shin SI
• Fischer KR
• Park JC

• KMID: 2504026
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.5051/jpis.2020.50.3.197

Abstract

Purpose
The aim of this study was to determine the impact of different compressive forces on deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM) particles covered by native bilayer collagen membrane (NBCM) during alveolar ridge preservation (ARP) in the molar area, and to identify any histomorphometric and clinical differences according to the compressive force applied.
Methods
Sockets were filled with DBBM after tooth extraction, and different compressive forces (30 N and 5 N, respectively) were applied to the graft material in the test (30 N) and control (5 N) groups. The DBBM in both groups was covered with NBCM in a double-layered fashion. A crossed horizontal mattress suture (hidden X) was then made. A core biopsy was performed using a trephine bur without flap elevation at the implant placement site for histomorphometric evaluations after 4 months. The change of the marginal bone level was measured using radiography.
Results
Twelve patients completed the study. The histomorphometric analysis demonstrated that the mean ratios of the areas of new bone, residual graft material, and soft tissue and the implant stability quotient did not differ significantly between the groups (P>0.05). However, the mean size of the residual graft material showed a significant intergroup difference (P<0.05).
Conclusions
The application of 2 compressive forces (5 N, 30 N) on particulate DBBM grafts during open-healing ARP in the posterior area led to comparable new bone formation, implant feasibility and peri-implant bone level.

Keyword

Alveolar bone grafting; Alveolar ridge augmentation; Bone substitutes; Histology; Tooth extraction