Ann Geriatr Med Res.
2020 Jun;24(2):125-138. 10.4235/agmr.20.0021.
Development of Korean Frailty Index for Primary Care (KFI-PC) and Its Criterion Validity
- Affiliations
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- 1Elderly Frailty Research Center, Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
- 2Department of Family Medicine, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
- 3Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
- 4Graduate School of Social Welfare, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
- 5Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, East-West Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
- KMID: 2503338
- DOI: http://doi.org/10.4235/agmr.20.0021
Abstract
- Background
The objective of this study was to develop and validate the Korean Frailty Index for Primary Care (KFI-PC) based on a comprehensive geriatric assessment.
Methods
We developed a 53-item KFI-PC comprising 10 standard domains: cognitive status including delirium or dementia; mood; communication including vision, hearing, and speech; mobility; balance; bowel function; bladder function; ability to carry out activities of daily living; nutrition; and social resources. To test its validity, we applied KFI-PC to participants of the Korean Frailty Aging and Cohort Study (KFACS). We analyzed 1,242 participants (mean age, 77.9±3.9 years; 47.2% men) from the KFACS who visited 10 study centers in 2018, after excluding 32 participants with missing data required to assess Fried’s physical frailty phenotype.
Results
The mean KFI-PC score was 0.17±0.08, ranging from 0.02 to 0.52. The median KFI-PC score was higher in women than in men, and there was a trend toward higher values in older age groups. The prevalence of frailty when applying a generally used frailty index cutoff point of >0.25 was 17.5% in the whole study sample. As a construct validation of KFI-PC, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for Fried’s physical frailty was 0.921, and the optimal cutoff value to predict frailty phenotype was 0.23. The KFI-PC score also correlated well with physical, cognitive, and psychological functions; nutritional status; disability in activities of daily living; and instrumental activities of daily living. The Cronbach alpha coefficient of the 54 total items was 0.737.
Conclusion
We developed KFI-PC with 53 deficits, including comprehensive geriatric assessment components, and demonstrated the acceptable construct validity and internal consistency of KFI-PC.
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