Korean J Radiol.  2020 Jun;21(6):756-763. 10.3348/kjr.2019.0789.

Optimal Attenuation Threshold for Quantifying CT Pulmonary Vascular Volume Ratio

• Goo HW
• Par SH

• KMID: 2502476
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.3348/kjr.2019.0789

Abstract

Objective
To evaluate the effects of attenuation threshold on CT pulmonary vascular volume ratios in children and young adults with congenital heart disease, and to suggest an optimal attenuation threshold.
Materials and Methods
CT percentages of right pulmonary vascular volume were compared and correlated with percentages calculated from nuclear medicine right lung perfusion in 52 patients with congenital heart disease. The selected patients had undergone electrocardiography-synchronized cardiothoracic CT and lung perfusion scintigraphy within a 1-year interval, but not interim surgical or transcatheter intervention. The percentages of CT right pulmonary vascular volumes were calculated with fixed (80–600 Hounsfield units [HU]) and adaptive thresholds (average pulmonary artery enhancement [PAavg] divided by 2.50, 2.00, 1.75, 1.63, 1.50, and 1.25). The optimal threshold exhibited the smallest mean difference, the lowest p-value in statistically significant paired comparisons, and the highest Pearson correlation coefficient.
Results
The PAavg value was 529.5 ± 164.8 HU (range, 250.1–956.6 HU). Results showed that fixed thresholds in the range of 320–400 HU, and adaptive thresholds of PAavg/1.75–1.50 were optimal for quantifying CT pulmonary vascular volume ratios. The optimal thresholds demonstrated a small mean difference of ≤ 5%, no significant difference (> 0.2 for fixed thresholds, and > 0.5 for adaptive thresholds), and a high correlation coefficient (0.93 for fixed thresholds, and 0.91 for adaptive thresholds).
Conclusion
The optimal fixed and adaptive thresholds for quantifying CT pulmonary vascular volume ratios appeared equally useful. However, when considering a wide range of PAavg, application of optimal adaptive thresholds may be more suitable than fixed thresholds in actual clinical practice.

Keyword

Cardiothoracic CT; Congenital heart disease; CT volumetry; Lung perfusion scintigraphy; Optimal threshold; Pulmonary vessels