J Korean Orthop Assoc.  1974 Sep;9(3):300-310. 10.4055/jkoa.1974.9.3.300.

The Development and Ossification of the Clavicle in the Korean Fetuses

• Kim SS

• KMID: 2471486
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4055/jkoa.1974.9.3.300

Abstract

Developmental process of the clavicle was studied on 35 cases of Korean fetuses of 9 to 300mm crown-rump length by histological observation and radiological study following silver impregnation, with the following results. 1. Primordia of the clavicle of the 14mm fetus were blastemal tissue, while that of the 110 to 130mm showed definite evidence of ossification center at the sternal and acromial ends as cartilagenous mass. 2. The membranous ossification center, which could be recognized in the 16 to 18mm fetuses. were two in number. 3. In the 24mm specimen the centers were shown to unite each other, forming a long single mass of bone and in the 35mm the clavicle resumed growth as a long cartilagenous mass. 4. The development of the acromio-clavicular joint began in the 50mm specimen as a cavity without the three-layered interzone which could commonly be recognized in developing joint of other long bone. 5. That the recognition of the ossification center was first possible in the 45mm specimen by radiological study showed that this method was inferior to histological observation for detecting the ossification center.

MeSH Terms

Clavicle*
Crown-Rump Length
Fetus*
Joints
Methods
Silver
Silver

Figure

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  Fig. 1 Photomicrigraph to show horizontal section of the clavicle of 16mm fetus. There are two centers, a smaller lateral one on the left merging into a cellular mass and a larger medial one on the right continuous with the condensation directed toward the ventral midline. H-E stain. X 100.

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  Fig. 2 Photomicrograph of specimen from 18 mm fetus showing the clavicle with early membranous bone formation. H-E stain, X 100.

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  Fig. 3 Photomicrograp h of specimen from 130 mm fetus showing the cartilagenous acromial end. H-E stain, X 100.

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  Fig. 4 Photomicrograph to show frontal section of the sternal end of 24mm fetus. A cavity is present. H-E stain, X 100.

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  Fig. 5 Photomicrograph to show horizontal section of clavicle of 40 mm fetus. Ossification is spreading from the center of the shaft toward both ends. H-E stain, X 140.

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  Fig. 6 Photomicrograph of specimen from 70 mm fetus showing well-advanced ossification with a marrow cavity. H-E stain, X 40.

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  Fig. 7 Photo micrograph of the clavicle of 125mm fetus showing the sternal end which is largely made of well formed cartilage. H-E stain, X 40.

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  Fig. 8 Photomicrograph to show horizontal section of shoulder region of 50mm fetus. The acromio-clavicular joint cavity appears. H-E stain, X 40.

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  Fig. 9 Photomicrograph to show frontal section of shoulder region of 70mm fetus. The acromioclavicular joint cavity is complete. H-E stain, X 40.

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  Fig. 10 Photomicrograph to show horizontal section of the clavicle of 170mm fetus. The clavicle is consisted mostly of bone. H-E stain, X 40.

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  Fig. 11 Photomicrograph to show horizontal section of the shoulder region of 250mm fetus. The growth of clavicle continues by the cartilagenous caps, H-E stain, X 40.

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  Fig. 12 Oentgraphs of posterior-anterior-anterior view of a 61 mm fetus.

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  Fig. 13 A 71mm taken after silver impregnation. The ossification centers for whole body are clearly visible.

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