Korean J Community Nutr.  2020 Feb;25(1):48-60. 10.5720/kjcn.2020.25.1.48.

Comparison of 24-hour Recalls with a Food Frequency Questionnaire in Assessing Coffee Consumption: The Health Examinees (HEXA) Study

• Kim AN
• Youn J
• Cho HJ
• Jin T
• Shin S
• Lee JE

• KMID: 2471307
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2020.25.1.48

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Most cohort studies used food frequency questionnaires (FFQ) to evaluate coffee consumption as it assesses habitual dietary patterns, whereas some studies have used the 24-hour recalls (24HR) as it elicits in-depth description of foods and the amount eaten. The aim of this study was to compare FFQs and 24HR to assess the consumption of various types of coffee.
METHODS
We included 25,904 participants aged 40 years or older from the Health Examinees (HEXA) Study of the Korean Genome and Epidemiologic Study (KoGES). Each participant completed one FFQ and one-day (n=11,280) or two-day 24HR (n=14,624). We classified coffee types into: black coffee, coffee with sugar and cream, and coffee with sugar alone or cream alone. We compared the proportions of nondrinkers, black coffee, and coffee with sugar and cream through FFQ and 24HR.
RESULTS
Among those who completed one FFQ and one-day 24HR, 39.4% of "nondrinkers" on one-day 24HR reported that they did not drink coffee on their FFQs. Whereas among those who complete two-day 24HR, 71.2% of "nondrinkers" on two-day 24HR said that they did not drink coffee on their FFQs. Among those who completed one FFQ and oneday 24HR, 58.3% marked "black coffee" on one-day 24HR said that they drank black coffee on their FFQs. Among those who complete two-day 24HR, 58.8% marked "black coffee" on two-day 24HR said that they drank black coffee on their FFQs. The kappa coefficients and percent agreements were 0.4 and 59.6%, respectively, for the comparison of coffee intake between FFQ and one-day 24HR, and 0.6 and 72.8%, respectively, for the comparison of coffee intake between FFQ and two-day 24HR.
CONCLUSIONS
We found discrepancies between FFQs and 24HR in the types of coffee consumed. Such limitations should be considered when using the 24HR data to examine the effect of coffee consumption on disease development.

Keyword

coffee; comparison; food frequency questionnaire; 24-hour recalls; the Health Examinees study

MeSH Terms

Coffee*
Cohort Studies
Epidemiologic Studies
Genome
Coffee

Figure

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  Fig. 1. Difference in proportions of types of coffee consumed by dietary assessment instrument: FFQ or one-day 24 HR Abbreviations: FFQ, food frequency questionnaire; 24 HR, 24-hour recall

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  Fig. 2. Difference in proportions of types of coffee consumed by dietary assessment instrument: FFQ or two-day 24 HR Abbreviations: FFQ, food frequency questionnaire; 24 HR, 24-hour recall

Reference

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