J Korean Acad Nurs.  2020 Feb;50(1):116-131. 10.4040/jkan.2020.50.1.116.

Development and Effect of a Smartphone Overdependence Prevention Program for University Students Based on Self-Determination Theory

• Kwon MS
• Yu JS

• KMID: 2471255
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2020.50.1.116

Abstract

PURPOSE
This study aimed to develop a smartphone overdependence prevention program for college students based on the self-determination theory (SDT) and evaluate its effectiveness.
METHODS
A non-equivalent control group repeated measures design was used for the study. Participants were 64 university freshmen (experimental group: 29, control group: 35). The developed program consists of eight sessions conducted twice a week. The program was designed to promote autonomy, competence, and relatedness the three elements of the basic psychological needs of self-determination theory. The participants were assessed before the program, immediately after, and 1 and 3 months after the program. Data were collected from April 23 to September 14, 2018 and analyzed by performing a Chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, independent t-test, and repeated measures ANOVA using SPSS/WIN 23.0.
RESULTS
This study showed improvement in the basic psychological needs (F=3.90, p =.010) in the experimental group compared to the control group. Specifically, competence (F=2.93, p =.035), relatedness (F=2.89, p =.045), and self-regulatory ability (F=3.11, p =.028) improved significantly.
CONCLUSION
Study findings indicate that the smartphone overdependence prevention program based on the Self-determination theory could be an effective intervention for improving basic psychological needs and self-regulation ability. Therefore, this program could be an efficient strategy for smartphone overdependence prevention in university students.

Keyword

Smartphone; Addictive; Behavior; Personal Autonomy; Universities

MeSH Terms

Humans
Mental Competency
Personal Autonomy
Self-Control
Smartphone*

Figure

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  Figure 1. Flow chart of the study.

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  Figure 2. Average trend of the groups and post hoc test on the effect analysis.

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