Osong Public Health Res Perspect.
2019 Dec;10(6):337-342. 10.24171/j.phrp.2019.10.6.03.
Distribution of Pathogenic Vibrio Species in the Coastal Seawater of South Korea (2017–2018)
- Affiliations
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- 1Yeosu National Quarantine Station, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Yeosu, Korea. ssm1344@korea.kr
- 2Division of Viral Disease Research, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Osong, Korea.
- 3Division of Quarantine Support, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Osong, Korea.
- KMID: 2467102
- DOI: http://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2019.10.6.03
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
Pathogenic Vibrio species are widely distributed in warm estuarine and coastal environments, and can infect humans through the consumption of raw or mishandled contaminated seafood and seawater. For this reason, the distribution of these bacteria in South Korea was investigated.
METHODS
Seawater samples were collected from 145 coastal area points in the aquatic environment in which Vibrio species live. Environmental data (i.e., water temperature, salinity, turbidity, and atmospheric temperature) was collected which may help predict the distribution of the species (data not shown). Seawater samples were filtered, and incubated overnight in alkaline peptone water, at 37°C. Using species-specific polymerase chain reaction methods, screening tests were performed for the hlyA, ctxA, vvhA, and tlh genes. Clones of pathogenic Vibrio species were isolated using 3 selective plating media.
RESULTS
In 2017, total seawater isolation rates for Vibrio vulnificus, Vibrio cholerae (non-pathogenic, non-O1, non-O139 serogroups), and Vibrio parahaemolyticus were 15.82%, 13.18%, 65.80%, respectively. However, in 2018 isolation rates for each were 21.81%, 19.40%, and 70.05%, respectively.
CONCLUSION
The isolation rates of pathogenic Vibrio species positively correlated with the temperature of seawater and atmosphere, but negatively correlated with salinity and turbidity. From 2017 to 2018, the most frequent seawater-isolated Vibrio species were V. parahaemolyticus (68.10 %), V. vulnificus (16.54%), and non-toxigenic V. cholerae (19.58%). Comprehensive monitoring, prevention, and control efforts are needed to protect the public from pathogenic Vibrio species.
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