J Korean Med Sci.
2019 Dec;34(46):e279. 10.3346/jkms.2019.34.e279.
Evaluation of Waning Immunity at 6 Months after Both Trivalent and Quadrivalent Influenza Vaccination in Korean Children Aged 6–35 Months
- Affiliations
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- 1Department of Pediatrics, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Korea. byelhana@korea.ac.kr
- 2Department of Pediatrics, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea.
- 3Department of Pediatrics, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Incheon, Korea.
- 4Department of Pediatrics, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
- 5Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea.
- 6Department of Pediatrics, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
- 7Department of Pediatrics, Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Goyang, Korea.
- 8Department of Pediatrics, Korea Institute of Radiological Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea.
- 9Department of Pediatrics, Chonbuk National University Children's Hospital, Jeonju, Korea.
- 10Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University, Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea.
- KMID: 2464191
- DOI: http://doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2019.34.e279
Abstract
- BACKGROUND
The titer of influenza vaccine-induced antibodies declines over time, and younger children have lower immunogenicity and shorter duration of immunity. This study aimed to compare persistence of antibody at 6 months after influenza vaccination according to influenza virus strains, vaccine type, antigen dose, and primed status in children aged 6 to 35 months.
METHODS
A total 124 healthy children aged 6 to 35 months were enrolled from September to December 2016 at 10 hospitals in Korea and randomly assigned to either a full dose of quadrivalent influenza vaccine or a half dose of trivalent influenza vaccine with Victoria B strain group. Hemagglutination inhibition antibody titers (that measure the seroprotection rates) were assessed for the recommended influenza strains at 6 months post vaccination.
RESULTS
The seroprotection rates at 6 months for strains A (H1N1), A (H3N2), B/Yamagata, and B/Victoria were 88.7%, 97.4%, 36.6%, and 27.6%, respectively. The seroprotection rates for A (H1N1), A (H3N2) and B (Victoria) were 91.4%, 98.7% and 27.5% in a full dose of quadrivalent vaccine vs. 83.7%, 94.6% and 27.9% in a half dose trivalent vaccine, respectively. The seroprotection rate for the B (Yamagata) strain was 23.8% in the quadrivalent group and 14.0% in the trivalent group.
CONCLUSION
Persistence of antibodies at 6 months was more favorable against the influenza A strains than against the B strains. Persistence of antibodies to additional B strain at 6 months was superior in the quadrivalent vaccine group. The immunity of primed children with different B strains was not superior to that of the unprimed group with another B strain.
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