J Vet Sci.  2019 Nov;20(6):e64. 10.4142/jvs.2019.20.e64.

Causative agents and epidemiology of diarrhea in Korean native calves

• Lee SH
• Kim HY
• Choi EW
• Kim D

• KMID: 2464080
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4142/jvs.2019.20.e64

Abstract

Calf diarrhea caused by infectious agents is associated with economic losses in the cattle industry. The purpose of this study was to identify the causative agents and epidemiological characteristics of diarrhea in Korean native calves (KNC). In total, 207 diarrheal KNC aged less than 7 months were investigated. Fecal samples collected from the rectum were examined for causative agents using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or real-time PCR and the number of oocysts were counted. Fourteen causative agents were detected from 164 of the 207 diarrheal KNC. Rotavirus was the most common agent (34.8%), followed by Eimeria spp. (31.7%), Escherichia coli (22.0%), Giardia spp. (14.0%), Clostridium difficile (9.8%), bovine viral diarrhea virus (8.5%), coronavirus (7.9%), Cryptosporidium spp. (7.3%), torovirus (6.7%), parvovirus (5.5%), norovirus (4.9%), kobuvirus (1.8%), adenovirus (1.2%), and Salmonella spp. (0.6%). About 95 (57.9%) of 164 calves were infected with a single causative agent and 42.1% were infected by multiple agents. No significant difference was observed in mortality between calves infected with a single agent and multiple agents. The occurrence of diarrhea caused by rotavirus, Eimeria spp., kobuvirus, and Giardia spp. was significantly different based on onset age, and the prevalence of diarrhea caused by rotavirus or C. difficile was significantly different between seasons. This study help the understanding of KNC diarrhea for the development of an effective strategy for disease prevention and control, especially in Eastern provinces of South Korea.

Keyword

Diarrhea; calf; Korean native calves; causative agents; prevalence

MeSH Terms

Adenoviridae
Age of Onset
Animals
Cattle
Clostridium difficile
Coronavirus
Cryptosporidium
Diarrhea*
Eimeria
Epidemiology*
Escherichia coli
Giardia
Kobuvirus
Korea
Mortality
Norovirus
Oocysts
Parvovirus
Polymerase Chain Reaction
Prevalence
Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
Rectum
Rotavirus
Salmonella
Seasons
Torovirus

Reference

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