J Korean Acad Oral Health.  2019 Sep;43(3):124-130. 10.11149/jkaoh.2019.43.3.124.

Inhibition of dental erosion through addition of calcium to commercial plum beverages

• Kim JE
• Yun IG
• Jeong SS
• Chung KH
• Choi CH

• KMID: 2459409
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.11149/jkaoh.2019.43.3.124

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
We examined the effect of commercial plum beverages on dental erosion and whether the addition of calcium to these beverages would inhibit dental erosion.
METHODS
We analyzed three groups as follows: Maesil 1 group (Chorok Maesil), Maesil 2 group (Sunkist plum), both of which were selected from commercially-available plum beverages, and Calcium-added maesil group (addition of 3% calcium to Chorok Maesil). For negative and positive control groups, Jeju Samdasoo and Coca Cola were selected, respectively. The characteristics of the experimental beverages were analyzed, and the specimens were immersed in the experimental beverage. The degree of erosion was measured by Vickers hardness number (VHN) and scanning electron microscope images.
RESULTS
Positive control group had the lowest pH (2.50±0.03), followed by Maesil 2 (pH 2.59±0.01), Maesil 1 (pH 2.81±0.02), calcium-added maesil (pH 4.19±0.01), and negative control group (pH 7.57±0.06). Significant differences were found in surface microhardness between positive control, Maesil 1, Maesil 2 and calcium-added maesil group before immersion and at 30 minutes after immersion (P<0.05), and change in VHN (positive control group, −80.94±20.63; Maesil 1 group, −69.33±24.88; and Maesil 2 group, −78.49±18.60 in comparison with negative control group, −6.57±26.73). There was no significant difference (P<0.05) in change in VHN between calcium-added maesil (−13.02±17.33) and negative control group.
CONCLUSIONS
Plum beverages can potentially induce dental erosion due to their low pH. However, adding calcium to these beverages can reduce the risk of dental erosion. Therefore, the risk of dental erosion must be considered during consumption of plum beverages, and the addition of calcium into plum beverages may be considered as a way to prevent dental erosion.

Keyword

Calcium; Dental erosion; Plum beverages; pH

MeSH Terms

Beverages*
Calcium*
Coca
Cola
Hardness
Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
Immersion
Prunus domestica*
Calcium

Figure

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  Fig. 1 SEM images of enamel surface after beverage treatment for 30 minutes (1, Control (−); 2, Control (+); 3, Maesil 1; 4, Maesil 2; 5, Maesil+Ca2+; a, ×10,000; b, ×50,000).

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