Korean J Women Health Nurs.  2019 Sep;25(3):258-272. 10.4069/kjwhn.2019.25.3.258.

A Systematic Review of Breast Care for Postpartum Mothers

• Song JA
• Hur MH

• KMID: 2459169
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4069/kjwhn.2019.25.3.258

Abstract

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to identify nursing interventions for the postpartum breast care of mothers and determine the effectiveness of interventions for breast pain and engorgement by systematic review.
METHODS
Eight national and international databases were reviewed to retrieve and collect randomized controlled trial and controlled clinical trial literature published up to March 2015. Two reviewers independently selected the studies and performed data abstraction and validation. The risk of bias was assessed using Cochrane criteria. A meta-analysis of the studies was performed to analyze the data.
RESULTS
The meta-analysis showed that breast massage, along with routine breast care, resulted in a 3.52-point reduction in pain on a 10-point visual analogue scale. Meta-analysis of therapy with cold cabbage leaves and routine breast care showed a pain reduction of 0.54 points. Meta-analysis of cold cabbage leaf application in the experimental group versus cold compress therapy in the comparison group showed a pain reduction of 0.44 points. Meta-analysis of cold cabbage leaf application and routine breast care showed an engorgement reduction of 0.67 points.
CONCLUSION
The results of the analysis of 12 articles showed that hot and cold compresses, breast massage, and cabbage application were effective for postpartum breast pain and engorgement.

Keyword

Postpartum; Breast nursing care; Breast pain; Breast hyperemia; Systematic review

MeSH Terms

Bias (Epidemiology)
Brassica
Breast*
Humans
Massage
Mastodynia
Mothers*
Nursing
Postpartum Period*

Figure

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  Figure 1. Flow chart of study selection process. PICO=Patient, Intervention, Comparator, Outcome.

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  Figure 2. Reviewing authors’ judgements about each risk of bias item presented as percentages across all included studies. (A) Risk of bias graph and (B) risk of bias summary.

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  Figure 3. Forest plot of the effects of breast care for breast pain and breast engorgement level. Effects of breast care for (A) breast pain and (B) breast engorgement level. M=mean; SD=standard deviation; CI=confidence interval; df=degrees of freedom; MD=mean difference; SMD=standardized mean difference.

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