Pediatr Infect Vaccine.  2019 Aug;26(2):118-123. 10.14776/piv.2019.26.e14.

Postinfectious Glomerulonephritis Associated with Pneumococcus and Influenza A Virus Infection in a Child: a Case Report and Literature Review

• Huh H
• Lee JK
• Yun KW
• Kang HG
• Cheong HI

• KMID: 2455530
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.14776/piv.2019.26.e14

Abstract

Postinfectious glomerulonephritis (PIGN) is most commonly caused by Streptococcus pyogenes in children, but PIGN associated with other pathogens has been described in the literature. A previously healthy 6-year-old boy was admitted with complaints of cough, fever, and right chest pain. The patient was diagnosed with pneumococcal bacteremia and influenza A virus infection and treated with antibiotics and antiviral agent. During hospitalization, generalized edema, hematuria, proteinuria, and increased blood pressure were observed; therefore, we started administering diuretics. The boy was discharged with gross hematuria, and even microscopic hematuria disappeared 14 weeks after discharge. We report a case of PIGN associated with bacteremic pneumococcal pneumonia and influenza A virus infection in children. A urine test and blood pressure measurement should be considered for the early detection of PIGN in children with pneumococcal or influenza A virus infection when they present with nephritic symptoms.

Keyword

Streptococcus pneumoniae; Glomerulonephritis; Influenza; Pneumonia; Children

MeSH Terms

Anti-Bacterial Agents
Bacteremia
Blood Pressure
Chest Pain
Child*
Cough
Diuretics
Edema
Fever
Glomerulonephritis*
Hematuria
Hospitalization
Humans
Influenza A virus*
Influenza, Human*
Male
Pneumonia
Pneumonia, Pneumococcal
Proteinuria
Streptococcus pneumoniae*
Streptococcus pyogenes
Anti-Bacterial Agents
Diuretics

Figure

• 

  Fig. 1 Chest radiography shows right pleural effusion with consolidation in right upper lobe.

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