Diabetes Metab J.  2019 Jun;43(3):302-318. 10.4093/dmj.2018.0062.

Effectiveness of Exercise Intervention in Reducing Body Weight and Glycosylated Hemoglobin Levels in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Korea: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

• Jang JE
• Cho Y
• Lee BW
• Shin ES
• Lee SH

• KMID: 2454059
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2018.0062

Abstract

BACKGROUND
This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of exercise intervention in reducing body weight and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Korea.
METHODS
Cochrane, PubMed, Embase, KoreaMed, KMbase, NDSL, KCI, RISS, and DBpia databases were used to search randomized controlled trials and controlled clinical trials that compared exercise with non-exercise intervention among patients with non-insulin-treated T2DM in Korea. The effectiveness of exercise intervention was estimated by the mean difference in body weight changes and HbA1c level. Weighted mean difference (WMD) with its corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) was used as the effect size. The pooled mean differences of outcomes were calculated using a random-effects model.
RESULTS
We identified 7,692 studies through literature search and selected 23 articles (723 participants). Compared with the control group, exercise intervention (17 studies) was associated with a significant decline in HbA1c level (WMD, −0.58%; 95% CI, −0.89 to −0.27; I 2=73%). Although no significant effectiveness on body weight was observed, eight aerobic training studies showed a significant reduction in body weight (WMD, −2.25 kg; 95% CI, −4.36 to −0.13; I 2=17%) in the subgroup analysis.
CONCLUSION
Exercise significantly improves glycemic control; however, it does not significantly reduce body weight. Aerobic training can be beneficial for patients with non-insulin-treated T2DM in Korea.

Keyword

Body weight; Exercise therapy; Glycated hemoglobin A; Meta-analysis; Review

MeSH Terms

Body Weight Changes
Body Weight*
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2*
Exercise Therapy
Hemoglobin A, Glycosylated*
Humans
Korea*

Figure

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  Fig. 1 Flowchart of the study selection.

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  Fig. 2 Effect of exercise intervention versus non-intervention on body weight (changes from baseline) in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The squares indicate the study-specific outcome estimates, and the size of the squares corresponds to the study's weight in the meta-analysis. Horizontal lines denote the range of the 95% confidence interval (CI). The diamonds indicate pooled estimates. Weights are from random-effects analysis. SD, standard deviation; IV, inverse variance.

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  Fig. 3 Effect of exercise intervention versus non-intervention on glycosylated hemoglobin level (changes from baseline) in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. SD, standard deviation; IV, inverse variance; CI, confidence interval.

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  Fig. 4 Subgroup analysis based on the type of exercise for body weight. SD, standard deviation; IV, inverse variance; CI, confidence interval.

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  Fig. 5 Subgroup analysis based on the type of exercise for glycosylated hemoglobin level. SD, standard deviation; IV, inverse variance; CI, confidence interval.

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