Perinatology.  2019 Jun;30(2):60-65. 10.14734/PN.2019.30.2.60.

Risk Factors of Central Venous Catheter Leakage in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit

• Kim YD
• Lee NM
• Kim SY
• Yi DY
• Yun SW
• Chae SA
• Lim IS

• KMID: 2453039
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.14734/PN.2019.30.2.60

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
Leakage of central venous catheter in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) is a serious complication that can lead to death. The purpose of this study was to identify the clinical signs of central venous catheter leakage, with related risk factors and to establish preventive measures.
METHODS
This was a retrospective study of neonates admitted to the NICU between March 2012 and March 2017. Medical records and imaging were reviewed for clinical course and risk factors.
RESULTS
Total 603 neonates with central venous catheter were enrolled. Through fluid analysis, a total of 8 central venous leakages were identified (incidence 1.3%, 5 pericardial effusions, 1 pleural effusion, 2 ascites). After an average of 66.3 hours, leakage occurred from central venous catheterization. The mean volume of leakage fluid was 23.2 mL, and all culture studies were negative. Clinical manifestations related to leakage of patients with ascites were mild compared to pericardial effusion or pleural effusion. There was no recurrence after removal of the central vein catheter.
CONCLUSION
Central venous catheter leak should be suspected if sudden and/or marked change in the vital signs of neonates was identified after central venous catheterization. The multicenter study involving more patients will be necessary to identify risk factors for leakage.

Keyword

Central venous catheters; Infant; newborn; Pericardial effusion; Pleural effusion

MeSH Terms

Ascites
Catheterization, Central Venous
Catheters
Central Venous Catheters*
Humans
Infant
Infant, Newborn
Intensive Care, Neonatal*
Medical Records
Pericardial Effusion
Pleural Effusion
Recurrence
Retrospective Studies
Risk Factors*
Veins
Vital Signs

Reference

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