Imaging Sci Dent.  2019 Jun;49(2):115-122. 10.5624/isd.2019.49.2.115.

Comparison of cone-beam computed tomography and panoramic radiography in the evaluation of maxillary sinus pathology related to maxillary posterior teeth: Do apical lesions increase the risk of maxillary sinus pathology?

Affiliations
  • 1Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey.
  • 2Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey. dishekmelek@gmail.com

Abstract

PURPOSE
The aims of this study were first, to compare panoramic radiography with cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) for evaluating topographic relationships, such as the classification of maxillary posterior teeth and their distance to the maxillary sinus floor; and second, to determine the relationship between maxillary sinus pathology and the presence of apical lesions.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
In total, 285 paired CBCT and panoramic radiography records of patients (570 maxillary sinuses) were retrospectively analyzed. Both imaging modalities were used to determine the topographic relationship of the maxillary posterior teeth to the sinus floor. Mucosal thickening >2 mm was considered a pathological state. Data were analyzed using the chi-square, Wilcoxon, and Mann-Whitney U tests. Odds ratios (ORs) and confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated.
RESULTS
The closest vertical distance measurements made between posterior maxillary teeth roots and the maxillary sinus on panoramic radiography and CBCT scans showed statistically significant differences from each other (P<0.05). Compared to panoramic radiography, CBCT showed higher mean values for the distance between the maxillary sinus floor and maxillary posterior teeth roots. The CBCT images showed that at least 1 apical lesion adjacent to the right maxillary sinus increased the risk of maxillary sinus pathology by 2.37 times (OR, 2.37; 95% CI, 1.58-3.55, P<0.05).
CONCLUSION
Panoramic radiography might lead to unreliable diagnoses when evaluating the distance between the sinus floor and posterior roots of the maxillary teeth. Periapical lesions anatomically associated with maxillary sinuses were a risk factor for sinus mucosal thickening.

Keyword

Cone-Beam Computed Tomography; Radiography, Panoramic; Paranasal Sinus Disease

MeSH Terms

Classification
Cone-Beam Computed Tomography*
Diagnosis
Humans
Maxillary Sinus*
Odds Ratio
Paranasal Sinus Diseases
Pathology*
Radiography, Panoramic*
Retrospective Studies
Risk Factors
Tooth*

Figure

  • Fig. 1 Grouping of teeth on sagittal cone-beam computed tomography slices by apical condition. A, B, C, and D represent groups 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively.

  • Fig. 2 Measurement of maxillary sinus mucosal thickening on a sagittal cone-beam computed tomography slice.

  • Fig. 3 Classification of the topographic relationships of maxillary first molars with the maxillary sinus on panoramic radiographs. A, B, and C represent classes 1, 2, and 3, respectively.

  • Fig. 4 Classification of the topographic relationships of maxillary first molars with the maxillary sinus on sagittal cone-beam computed tomography slices. A, B, and C represent classes 1, 2, and 3, respectively. CBCT, cone-beam computed tomography.


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