Investig Clin Urol.  2019 May;60(3):162-168. 10.4111/icu.2019.60.3.162.

The impact of plasma zinc status on the severity of prostate cancer disease

• Wakwe VC
• Odum EP
• Amadi C

• KMID: 2444270
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4111/icu.2019.60.3.162

Abstract

PURPOSE
The severity of prostate cancer (PCa), which determines the disease progression, is theorized to be a function of zinc status. Hence, this study was structured to determine the impact of zinc status on the severity and progression of PCa disease.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
This was a descriptive cross-sectional study of 220 histologically-confirmed PCa patients and 220 age-matched controls, conducted prospectively in a Nigerian tertiary hospital. Plasma zinc, prostate-specific antigen, creatinine, fasting glucose, and estimated glomerular filtration rate were determined for both study groups. The International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP) grades and the American Joint Committee on Cancer clinical staging were employed as indices for PCa severity (grade) and progression (stage) respectively.
RESULTS
The PCa patients had markedly reduced plasma zinc status compared to controls (cases: 9.42±3.02 µmol/L versus controls: 15.23±4.47 µmol/L; p<0.001). Low zinc status was more pronounced within the severe grade and advanced PCa disease subgroups (p<0.001). Inverse relationships existed between zinc status and ISUP grades among the entire PCa patient (p<0.001) and the categorized PCa grade and stage subgroups (p<0.001). Low zinc status had significant impact of predicting severe (crude=odds ratio [OR], 8.714; p<0.001; age-adjusted=OR, 11.152; p<0.001) and advanced (crude=OR, 17.160; p<0.001; age-adjusted=OR, 18.927; p<0.001) PCa disease.
CONCLUSIONS
This study suggests that low plasma zinc status is associated with severe grade and advanced PCa disease. However, further well-designed studies with large sample sizes are warranted to confirm these associations.

Keyword

Neoplasm grading; Neoplasm staging; Prostatic neoplasms; Zinc

MeSH Terms

Creatinine
Cross-Sectional Studies
Disease Progression
Fasting
Glomerular Filtration Rate
Glucose
Humans
Joints
Neoplasm Grading
Neoplasm Staging
Passive Cutaneous Anaphylaxis
Pathology
Plasma*
Prospective Studies
Prostate*
Prostate-Specific Antigen
Prostatic Neoplasms*
Sample Size
Tertiary Care Centers
Zinc*
Creatinine
Glucose
Prostate-Specific Antigen
Zinc

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