Tissue Eng Regen Med.  2019 Feb;16(1):1-9. 10.1007/s13770-018-0157-3.

Late Complications of Allogenic Stem Cells Transplantation in Leukaemia

• Kanagasundram S
• Amini F

• KMID: 2441250
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.1007/s13770-018-0157-3

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) can cure leukaemia. However, long term complications of post transplantation interfere with the patients' full recovery. The objective of this review was to identify the various long term complications and to assess their individual prevalences.
METHODS
Electronic databases including PubMed, Google Scholar and Cochrane were searched for years 2004-2017. The keywords used were leukaemia, allogenic stem cell transplantation, prevalence, side effects, long term, delayed, adverse effects, complications and outcome.
RESULTS
A total of ten articles were included for analysis. There were 5 prospective studies, 3 retrospective studies and 2 cross sectional studies. A total of 40,069 patients, (20,189 males and 17,191 females) participated in these 10 studies. The gender of 2689 patients were not disclosed. Most common late complications and prevalence were chronic graft versus host disease (43% at 5 years post HSCT), secondary tumor (21% at 20 years post HSCT), hypothyroidism (11% at 15 years), bronchiolitis obliterans (9.7% at 122 days), cardiovascular disease (7.5% at 15 years) and avascular necrosis (5.4% at 10 years). The prevalence of azoospermia was 71.1% and depression, 18%. For the latter two conditions no time limit was available. Follow up duration ranged from 2 years till 30 years post HSCT.
CONCLUSION
While allogenic stem cell transplantation is an effective cure for leukaemia, the procedure is associated with complications that can have their onset many years after the procedure.

Keyword

Allogenic stem cells; Chronic graft; Late complications; Leukaemia

MeSH Terms

Azoospermia
Bronchiolitis Obliterans
Cardiovascular Diseases
Cross-Sectional Studies
Depression
Follow-Up Studies
Graft vs Host Disease
Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
Humans
Hypothyroidism
Male
Necrosis
Prevalence
Prospective Studies
Retrospective Studies
Stem Cell Transplantation
Stem Cells*