Korean J Pediatr.  2019 Jan;62(1):30-35. 10.3345/kjp.2018.06786.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in obese and nonobese pediatric patients

• Kim EJ
• Kim HJ

• KMID: 2437591
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.3345/kjp.2018.06786

Abstract

PURPOSE
Obesity is risk factor for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, nonobese patients are also increasingly susceptible to NAFLD. The aim of this study was to compare the clinical characteristics of obese and nonobese pediatric patients with NAFLD.
METHODS
We retrospectively studied 68 patients who were diagnosed with NAFLD between January 2010 and October 2016 at 10-18 years of age. Body mass index ≥95th percentile for age and sex was defined as obesity. Abdominal ultrasonography and laboratory, anthropometrics measurements were evaluated.
RESULTS
Among the 68, 26 (38.2%) were nonobese patients. The ratio of male to female was 5.8:1, and the median age at diagnosis was 13 years (range, 10-17 years). Significant higher triglyceride (223.0 mg/dL vs. 145.9 mg/dL, P=0.047) and total cholesterol levels (211.6 mg/dL vs. 173.2 mg/dL, P=0.011) were shown in nonobese than obese patients. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol level < 40 mg/dL (hazard ratio [HR], 6.5; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.13-7.10; P=0.048), total cholesterol level >200mg/dL (HR, 5.6; 95% CI, 1.23-15.31; P=0.038) and abdominal obesity (HR, 2.53; 95% CI, 1.22-4.68; P=0.013) were significant risk factors for NAFLD in nonobese patients.
CONCLUSION
Nonobese patients present a substantial proportion of pediatric NAFLD cases. Significant abnormal lipid concentrations were found in nonobese and abdominal obesity was important risk factor for nonobese NAFLD.

Keyword

Body mass index; Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; Cholesterol; Metabolic disease; Pediatric obesity

MeSH Terms

Body Mass Index
Cholesterol
Diagnosis
Female
Humans
Lipoproteins
Male
Metabolic Diseases
Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease*
Obesity
Obesity, Abdominal
Pediatric Obesity
Retrospective Studies
Risk Factors
Triglycerides
Ultrasonography
Cholesterol
Lipoproteins