J Korean Child Neurol Soc.  2018 Dec;26(4):288-291. 10.26815/jkcns.2018.26.4.288.

Hemiplegic Migraine Presenting with Unilateral Facial Palsy: A case report

• Yeon GM

• KMID: 2437116
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.26815/jkcns.2018.26.4.288

Abstract

Hemiplegic migraine (HM) is a rare subtype of migraine with aura and is accompanied by a fully reversible motor aura. HM can occur in two forms: familial or sporadic. Currently, three genes are related to familial HM. Typically, HM occurs in the first or second decade of life and involves gradually progressing aura symptoms in succession, accompanied by headaches. The aura includes visual, sensory, motor, aphasic and often basilar-type symptoms. Motor aura (weakness) is related to the regions where the sensory aura is involved, and it usually starts at the hand before spreading to the arm and face. Aphasia is a common form of speech aura, but does not typically present as a difficulty in understanding. In this case report, the sensory-motor aura started at the right face and then gradually progressed to the right leg without any symptoms in the ipsilateral upper extremity. To the best of my knowledge, there has been no previous case report for the presentation of a hemiplegic migraine, as in this case report. As there is a possibility of misdiagnosis of Bell's palsy at the early stage of this case, this case report suggests that a physician should consider the rare possibility of stroke or HM when a patient presents with unilateral facial palsy.

Keyword

Complicated migraine; Bell's palsy; Idiopathic facial paralysis; Migraine; Headache

MeSH Terms

Aphasia
Arm
Bell Palsy
Diagnostic Errors
Epilepsy
Facial Paralysis*
Hand
Headache
Humans
Leg
Migraine Disorders*
Migraine with Aura
Stroke
Upper Extremity