Korean J Radiol.  2019 Jan;20(1):171-179. 10.3348/kjr.2018.0004.

Seed-Based Resting-State Functional MRI for Presurgical Localization of the Motor Cortex: A Task-Based Functional MRI-Determined Seed Versus an Anatomy-Determined Seed

• Lee JY
• Choi Y
• Ahn KJ
• Nam Y
• Jang JH
• Choi HS
• Jung SL
• Kim BS

• KMID: 2429931
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.3348/kjr.2018.0004

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
For localization of the motor cortex, seed-based resting-state functional MRI (rsfMRI) uses the contralateral motor cortex as a seed. However, research has shown that the location of the motor cortex could differ according to anatomical variations. The purpose of this study was to compare the results of rsfMRI using two seeds: a template seed (the anatomically expected location of the contralateral motor cortex) and a functional seed (the actual location of the contralateral motor cortex determined by task-based functional MRI [tbfMRI]).
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Eight patients (4 with glioma, 3 with meningioma, and 1 with arteriovenous malformation) and 9 healthy volunteers participated. For the patients, tbfMRI was performed unilaterally to activate the healthy contralateral motor cortex. The affected ipsilateral motor cortices were mapped with rsfMRI using seed-based and independent component analysis (ICA). In the healthy volunteer group, both motor cortices were mapped with both-hands tbfMRI and rsfMRI. We compared the results between template and functional seeds, and between the seed-based analysis and ICA with visual and quantitative analysis.
RESULTS
For the visual analysis, the functional seed showed significantly higher scores compared to the template seed in both the patients (p = 0.002) and healthy volunteers (p < 0.001). Although no significant difference was observed between the functional seed and ICA, the ICA results showed significantly higher scores than the template seed in both the patients (p = 0.01) and healthy volunteers (p = 0.005). In the quantitative analysis, the functional seed exhibited greater similarity to tbfMRI than the template seed and ICA.
CONCLUSION
Using the contralateral motor cortex determined by tbfMRI as a seed could enhance visual delineation of the motor cortex in seed-based rsfMRI.

Keyword

Resting-state functional MRI; Brain tumor; Brain mapping; BOLD

MeSH Terms

Brain Mapping
Brain Neoplasms
Glioma
Healthy Volunteers
Humans
Magnetic Resonance Imaging*
Meningioma
Motor Cortex*

Figure

• 

  Fig. 1 Patient group scoring criteria. Classification is divided into scores of 0-2, as follows. A. Score of 0: rsfMRI reveals no signal on left motor cortex. B. Score of 1: rsfMRI reveals detectable signal in left motor cortex. C. Score of 2: rsfMRI reveals strong signal in left motor cortex. All images are demonstrated left-on-left (neurologic convention). rsfMRI = resting-state functional MRI

• 

  Fig. 2 Patient group representative case. Axial contrast-enhanced T1-weighted image (A) showing well-enhanced extra-axial mass, which was confirmed to be meningioma of left parasagittal area. Template seed (B) rsfMRI attained score of 1 in left motor cortex using seed based on anatomically expected location of contralateral motor cortex. Functional seed (C) rsfMRI attained score of 2 in left motor cortex using seed based on contralateral motor cortex location determined by tbfMRI. Functional seed analysis attained stronger signal than template seed analysis. Furthermore, ICA map (D) of rsfMRI attained score of 2 in left motor cortex. All images are demonstrated left-on-left (neurologic convention). ICA = independent component analysis, tbfMRI = task-based functional MRI

• 

  Fig. 3 Healthy volunteer representative case. tbfMRI map (A) demonstrating results of left hand finger tapping to activate right motor cortex. tbfMRI map (A) was used as reference. When compared with tbfMRI (A), template seed (B) rsfMRI attained score of 1 in right motor cortex using anatomically expected left motor cortex location. When compared with tbfMRI (A), functional seed (C) rsfMRI attained score of 2 in right motor cortex using left motor cortex location determined by tbfMRI. ICA map (D) of rsfMRI attained score 2 in right motor cortex. All images are demonstrated left-on-left (neurologic convention).

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