J Korean Ophthalmol Soc.  2018 Jun;59(6):527-536. 10.3341/jkos.2018.59.6.527.

The Relationships of Intraocular Pressure, Cerebrospinal Fluid Pressure, and Trans-lamina Cribrosa Pressure Differences with Myopia

• Nah SK
• Ohn YH
• Kim CY
• Lee SH

• KMID: 2413815
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.3341/jkos.2018.59.6.527

Abstract

PURPOSE
To investigate the relationships between myopia and the three parameters of intraocular pressure (IOP), estimated cerebrospinal fluid pressure (CSFP), and the trans-lamina cribrosa pressure difference (TLCPD).
METHODS
A total of 6,933 adults (≥19 years of age) who participated in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2008-2012). These subjects were divided into two groups: young age group (19-49 years of age) and old age group (≥50 years of age). The estimated CSFP was calculated as CSFP (mmHg) = 0.44 body mass index (kg/m2) + 0.16 diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) − 0.18 age (years) − 1.91. The TLCPD was calculated by subtracting the CSFP from the IOP.
RESULTS
The mean estimated CSFP in the total population was 13.7 ± 0.1 mmHg (young, 14.2 ± 0.1 mmHg; old, 11.5 ± 0.1; p < 0.01), the mean IOP in the total population was 14.0 ± 0.1 mmHg (young, 14.0 ± 0.1 mmHg; old, 14.1 ± 0.1; p = 0.724), and the mean TLCPD in the total population was 0.7 ± 0.1 mmHg (young, 0.3 ± 0.1 mmHg; old, 3.0 ± 0.2; p < 0.001). After adjusting for confounding factors, multivariate linear regression analyses revealed significant positive associations between the degree of myopia and the estimated CSFP (p < 0.001; β, 0.12; spherical equivalent [SE], 0.03), as well as IOP (p < 0.001; β, 0.29; SE, 0.05). As a result, a higher TLCPD also showed a significant association with more myopic refractive error (p=0.002; β, 0.18; SE, 0.06). In subgroup analyses, a similar association was shown only in the young age group (estimated CSFP, p < 0.001; β, 0.12; SE, 0.03; IOP, p < 0.001; β, 0.28; SE, 0.05; TLCPD, p = 0.005; β, 0.17; SE: 0.06), while the old age group did not show a significant association between TLCPD and the degree of myopia (p = 0.274; β, 0.18; SE, 0.16).
CONCLUSIONS
The calculated TLCPD showed an association with high myopia. It was consistent with the potential role of high myopia in the pathogenesis of open-angle glaucoma.

Keyword

Cerebrospinal fluid pressure; Intraocular pressure; Myopia; Open-angle glaucoma

MeSH Terms

Adult
Blood Pressure
Body Mass Index
Cerebrospinal Fluid Pressure*
Cerebrospinal Fluid*
Glaucoma, Open-Angle
Humans
Intraocular Pressure*
Korea
Linear Models
Myopia*
Nutrition Surveys
Refractive Errors

Figure

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  Figure 1. Spherical equivalent and estimated cerebrospinal fluid pressure. Association between estimated cerebrospinal fluid pressure and spherical equivalent in the total study population (A), young (B) and old age group (C).

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  Figure 2. Spherical equivalent and intraocular pressure. Association between Intraocular pressure and spherical equivalent in the total study population (A), young (B), and old age group (C).

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  Figure 3. Spherical equivalent and Trans-lamina cribrosa pressure difference. Association between Trans-lamina cribrosa pressure difference and spherical equivalent in the total study population (A), young (B), and old age group (C).

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  Figure 4. Degree of myopia and estimated cerebrospinal fluid pressure. Estimated cerebrospinal fluid pressure according to the degree of myopia in the total study population (A), young (Group 1) (B), and old (C) age group (Group 2). *0.001 ≤ p < 0.05; ** p < 0.001.

• 

  Figure 5. Degree of myopia and intraocular pressure. Intraocular pressure according to the degree of myopia in the total study population (A), young (Group 1) (B), and old (C) age group (Group 2). *0.001 ≤ p < 0.05; ** p < 0.001.

• 

  Figure 6. Degree of myopia and trans-lamina pressure difference. Trans-lamina pressure difference according to the degree of myopia in the total study population (A), young (Group 1) (B), and old age group (Group 2) (C). *0.001 ≤ p < 0.05.

Reference

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