J Gynecol Oncol.  2017 May;28(3):e45. 10.3802/jgo.2017.28.e45.

Major clinical research advances in gynecologic cancer in 2016: 10-year special edition

• Suh DH
• Kim M
• Kim K
• Kim HJ
• Lee KH
• Kim JW

• KMID: 2413450
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.3802/jgo.2017.28.e45

Abstract

In 2016, 13 topics were selected as major research advances in gynecologic oncology. For ovarian cancer, study results supporting previous ones regarding surgical preventive strategies were reported. There were several targeted agents that showed comparable responses in phase III trials, including niraparib, cediranib, and nintedanib. On the contrary to our expectations, dose-dense weekly chemotherapy regimen failed to prove superior survival outcomes compared with conventional triweekly regimen. Single-agent non-platinum treatment to prolong platinum-free-interval in patients with recurrent, partially platinum-sensitive ovarian cancer did not improve and even worsened overall survival (OS). For cervical cancer, we reviewed robust evidences of larger-scaled population-based study and cost-effectiveness of nonavalent vaccine for expanding human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine coverage. Standard of care treatment of locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC) was briefly reviewed. For uterine corpus cancer, new findings about appropriate surgical wait time from diagnosis to surgery were reported. Advantages of minimally invasive surgery over conventional laparotomy were reconfirmed. There were 5 new gene regions that increase the risk of developing endometrial cancer. Regarding radiation therapy, Post-Operative Radiation Therapy in Endometrial Cancer (PORTEC)-3 quality of life (QOL) data were released and higher local control rate of image-guided adaptive brachytherapy was reported in LACC. In addition, 4 general oncology topics followed: chemotherapy at the end-of-life, immunotherapy with reengineering T-cells, actualization of precision medicine, and artificial intelligence (AI) to make personalized cancer therapy real. For breast cancer, adaptively randomized trials, extending aromatase inhibitor therapy, and ribociclib and palbociclib were introduced.

Keyword

Precision Medicine; Artificial Intelligence; Genital Neoplasms, Female; Ovarian Neoplasms; Breast Neoplasms

MeSH Terms

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use
Biomedical Research/*trends
Brachytherapy/trends
Breast Neoplasms/therapy
Endometrial Neoplasms/therapy
Female
Genital Neoplasms, Female/*therapy
Humans
Immunotherapy/methods
Molecular Targeted Therapy
Ovarian Neoplasms/therapy
Precision Medicine
Radiotherapy/trends
Radiotherapy, Image-Guided/trends
Terminal Care
Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/therapy
Uterine Neoplasms/therapy