Clin Exp Otorhinolaryngol.  2017 Dec;10(4):296-302. 10.21053/ceo.2016.00997.

The Effect of Insulin Like Growth Factor-1 on Recovery of Facial Nerve Crush Injury

• Bayrak AF
• Olgun Y
• Ozbakan A
• Aktas S
• Kulan CA
• Kamaci G
• Demir E
• Yilmaz O
• Olgun L

• KMID: 2396782
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.21053/ceo.2016.00997

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
The aim of this study is to investigate the efficacy of locally applied insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) on the recovery of facial nerve functions after crush injury in a rabbit model.
METHODS
The rabbits were randomly assigned into three groups. Group 1 consisted of the rabbits with crush injury alone; group 2, the animals applied saline solution onto the crushed facial nerve and group 3, IGF-1 implemented to the nerve in the same manner. Facial nerve injury was first electrophysiologically studied on 10th and 42nd days of the procedure. The damage to the facial nerves was then investigated histopathologically, after sacrification of the animals.
RESULTS
In the electrophysiological study, compound muscle action potential amplitudes of the crushed nerves in the second group were decreased. In pathological specimens of the first and second groups, the orders of axons were distorted; demyelination and proliferation of Schwann cells were observed. However, in IGF-1 treated group axonal order and myelin were preserved, and Schwann cell proliferation was close to normal (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION
Local application of IGF-1 in a slow releasing gel was found efficacious in the recovery of the facial nerve crush injury in rabbits. IGF-1 was considered worthy of being tried in clinical studies in facial nerve injury cases.

Keyword

Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; Facial Nerve Injuries; Therapy; Animal Model

MeSH Terms

Action Potentials
Animals
Axons
Cell Proliferation
Demyelinating Diseases
Facial Nerve Injuries
Facial Nerve*
Insulin*
Insulin-Like Growth Factor I
Models, Animal
Myelin Sheath
Rabbits
Schwann Cells
Sodium Chloride
Insulin
Insulin-Like Growth Factor I
Sodium Chloride

Figure

• 

  Fig. 1. Surgical procedure is seen as a silk thread was loosely tied around the nerve proximal and distal site to make a crush the injury of the rabit’s facial nerve.

• 

  Fig. 2. Insulin-like growth factor 1 solution was locally applied with porcine skin gel was applied to the third group (study group).

• 

  Fig. 3. (A) Left nerve without trauma, normal appearence. (B) Group 2 (salin applied group) right nerve with crushed injury. The order of axons degenerated, myelinization is reduced. Schwan cell proliferation is increased (medium grade). Epineurium is thinner, kollagenization is increased. (C) Group 3 (insulin-like growth factor applied group) right nerve with crushed injury, reduce damage can be seen. The order of axons has become normal. Myelinization has improved. Schwann cell proliferation and kollagenization have been low grade. The epineurium has become normal (trichrome staining, ×100).

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