Nucl Med Mol Imaging.  2017 Sep;51(3):202-211. 10.1007/s13139-016-0439-4.

Influence of Androgen Deprivation Therapy on the Uptake of PSMA-Targeted Agents: Emerging Opportunities and Challenges

• Bakht MK
• Oh SW
• Youn H
• Cheon GJ
• Kwak C
• Kang KW

• KMID: 2396577
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.1007/s13139-016-0439-4

Abstract

Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is an attractive target for both diagnosis and therapy because of its high expression in the vast majority of prostate cancers. Development of small molecules for targeting PSMA is important for molecular imaging and radionuclide therapy of prostate cancer. Recent evidence implies that androgendeprivation therapy increase PSMA-ligand uptake in some cases. The reported upregulations in PSMA-ligand uptake after exposure to second-generation antiandrogens such as enzalutamide and abiraterone might disturb PSMA-targeted imaging for staging and response monitoring of patients undergoing treatment with antiandrogen-based drugs. On the other hand, second-generation antiandrogens are emerging as potential endoradio-/chemosensitizers. Therefore, the enhancement of the therapeutic efficiency of PSMA-targeted theranostic methods can be listed as a new capability of antiandrogens. In this manuscript, we will present what is currently known about the mechanism of increasing PSMA uptake following exposure to antiandrogens. In addition, we will discuss whether these above-mentioned antiandrogens could play the role of endoradio-/chemosensitizers in combination with the well-established PSMA-targeted methods for pre-targeting of prostate cancer.

Keyword

Prostate-specific membrane antigen; Positron emission tomography; Antiandrogens; Prostate cancer; Molecular imaging

MeSH Terms

Androgen Antagonists
Diagnosis
Hand
Humans
Membranes
Molecular Imaging
Positron-Emission Tomography
Prostatic Neoplasms
Theranostic Nanomedicine
Androgen Antagonists