J Adv Prosthodont.  2016 Dec;8(6):449-456. 10.4047/jap.2016.8.6.449.

Effect of cement type on the color attributes of a zirconia ceramic

• Tabatabaian F
• Habib Khodaei M
• Namdari M
• Mahshid M

• KMID: 2382590
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4047/jap.2016.8.6.449

Abstract

PURPOSE
This in vitro study evaluated the effects of four different cements on the color attributes of a zirconia ceramic.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
40 zirconia ceramic disk specimens (0.5 mm thickness, 10 mm diameter, 0.1 mm cement space) were fabricated by a computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing system. The specimens were divided into 4 groups of 10 specimens and cemented to composite substrates using four different cements including: Glass Ionomer, Panavia F2.0, Zinc Phosphate, and TempBond. The L*, a*, and b* color attributes of the specimens were measured before and after cementation by a spectrophotometer. Additionally, ΔE values were measured to determine color changes for the groups and then compared with the perceptional threshold of ΔE = 3.3. Repeated Measures ANOVA, Tukey Post Hoc, Bonferroni, One-way ANOVA, and One-sample t-test tests were used to analyze the data. All tests were carried out at the 0.05 level of significance.
RESULTS
Statistically significant differences were detected in the ΔE values for Zinc Phosphate (P<.0001) and TempBond (P<.0001) groups. However, there were no statistically significant differences in this respect for Glass Ionomer (P=.99) and Panavia F2.0 (P=1) groups. The means and standard deviations of the ΔE values for Glass Ionomer, Panavia F2.0, Zinc Phosphate, and Tempbond groups were 2.11±0.66, 0.94±0.39, 5.77±0.83, and 7.50±1.16 Unit, respectively.
CONCLUSION
Within the limitations of this study, it was concluded that Zinc Phosphate and Tempbond cements affected the color attributes of the tested zirconia ceramic beyond the perceptional threshold. However, Glass Ionomer and Panavia F2.0 cements created acceptable color changes.

Keyword

Cementation; Luting agents; Spectrophotometry; Y-TZP ceramic

MeSH Terms

Cementation
Ceramics*
Computer-Aided Design
Dental Cements
Glass
In Vitro Techniques
Spectrophotometry
Zinc
Dental Cements
Zinc

Figure

• 

  Fig. 1 The means and standard deviations of the ΔE values in the four groups.

Reference

1. Vichi A, Louca C, Corciolani G, Ferrari M. Color related to ceramic and zirconia restorations: a review. Dent Mater. 2011; 27:97–108.

2. Raigrodski AJ. Contemporary materials and technologies for all-ceramic fixed partial dentures: a review of the literature. J Prosthet Dent. 2004; 92:557–562.

3. Luthardt RG, Holzhüter M, Sandkuhl O, Herold V, Schnapp JD, Kuhlisch E, Walter M. Reliability and properties of ground Y-TZP-zirconia ceramics. J Dent Res. 2002; 81:487–491.

4. Manicone PF, Rossi Iommetti P, Raffaelli L. An overview of zirconia ceramics: basic properties and clinical applications. J Dent. 2007; 35:819–826.

5. Eschbach S, Wolfart S, Bohlsen F, Kern M. Clinical evaluation of all-ceramic posterior three-unit FDPs made of In-Ceram Zirconia. Int J Prosthodont. 2009; 22:490–492.

6. Schmitt J, Holst S, Wichmann M, Reich S, Gollner M, Hamel J. Zirconia posterior fixed partial dentures: a prospective clinical 3-year follow-up. Int J Prosthodont. 2009; 22:597–603.

7. Ozkurt Z, Kazazoğlu E. Clinical success of zirconia in dental applications. J Prosthodont. 2010; 19:64–68.

8. Della Bona A, Kelly JR. The clinical success of all-ceramic restorations. J Am Dent Assoc. 2008; 139:Suppl. 8S–13S.

9. Christensen GJ. Choosing an all-ceramic restorative material: porcelain-fused-to-metal or zirconia-based? J Am Dent Assoc. 2007; 138:662–665.

10. Suputtamongkol K, Tulapornchai C, Mamani J, Kamchatphai W, Thongpun N. Effect of the shades of background substructures on the overall color of zirconia-based all-ceramic crowns. J Adv Prosthodont. 2013; 5:319–325.

11. Fazi G, Vichi A, Ferrari M. Influence of four different cements on the colour of zirconia structures of varying ceramic thickness. Int Dent SA. 2006; 9:54–61.

12. Wang F, Takahashi H, Iwasaki N. Translucency of dental ceramics with different thicknesses. J Prosthet Dent. 2013; 110:14–20.

13. Son HJ, Kim WC, Jun SH, Kim YS, Ju SW, Ahn JS. Influence of dentin porcelain thickness on layered all-ceramic restoration color. J Dent. 2010; 38:e71–e77.

14. Bachhav VC, Aras MA. The effect of ceramic thickness and number of firings on the color of a zirconium oxide based all ceramic system fabricated using CAD/CAM technology. J Adv Prosthodont. 2011; 3:57–62.

15. Sinmazisik G, Demirbas B, Tarcin B. Influence of dentin and core porcelain thickness on the color of fully sintered zirconia ceramic restorations. J Prosthet Dent. 2014; 111:142–149.

16. Turgut S, Bagis B. Effect of resin cement and ceramic thickness on final color of laminate veneers: an in vitro study. J Prosthet Dent. 2013; 109:179–186.

17. de Azevedo Cubas GB, Camacho GB, Demarco FF, Pereira-Cenci T. The Effect of Luting Agents and Ceramic Thickness on the Color Variation of Different Ceramics against a Chromatic Background. Eur J Dent. 2011; 5:245–252.

18. Chaiyabutr Y, Kois JC, Lebeau D, Nunokawa G. Effect of abutment tooth color, cement color, and ceramic thickness on the resulting optical color of a CAD/CAM glass-ceramic lithium disilicate-reinforced crown. J Prosthet Dent. 2011; 105:83–90.

19. Chang J, Da Silva JD, Sakai M, Kristiansen J, Ishikawa-Nagai S. The optical effect of composite luting cement on all ceramic crowns. J Dent. 2009; 37:937–943.

20. Choi YJ, Razzoog ME. Masking ability of zirconia with and without veneering porcelain. J Prosthodont. 2013; 22:98–104.

21. Swain VL, Pesun IJ, Hodges JS. The effect of metal ceramic restoration framework design on tooth color. J Prosthet Dent. 2008; 99:468–476.

22. Seghi RR, Hewlett ER, Kim J. Visual and instrumental colorimetric assessments of small color differences on translucent dental porcelain. J Dent Res. 1989; 68:1760–1764.

23. Heffernan MJ, Aquilino SA, Diaz-Arnold AM, Haselton DR, Stanford CM, Vargas MA. Relative translucency of six all-ceramic systems. Part II: core and veneer materials. J Prosthet Dent. 2002; 88:10–15.

24. Sim CP, Yap AU, Teo J. Color perception among different dental personnel. Oper Dent. 2001; 26:435–439.

25. Douglas RD, Steinhauer TJ, Wee AG. Intraoral determination of the tolerance of dentists for perceptibility and acceptability of shade mismatch. J Prosthet Dent. 2007; 97:200–208.

26. Johnston WM, Kao EC. Assessment of appearance match by visual observation and clinical colorimetry. J Dent Res. 1989; 68:819–822.

27. Douglas RD, Brewer JD. Acceptability of shade differences in metal ceramic crowns. J Prosthet Dent. 1998; 79:254–260.

28. Rosenstiel SF, Land MF, Fujimoto J. Contemporary fixed prosthodontics. 5th ed. St. Louis: Elsevier;2016. p. 774.

29. Rödiger M, Rinke S, Ehret-Kleinau F, Pohlmeyer F, Lange K, Bürgers R, Gersdorff N. Evaluation of removal forces of implant-supported zirconia copings depending on abutment geometry, luting agent and cleaning method during re-cementation. J Adv Prosthodont. 2014; 6:233–240.

30. Denry I, Kelly JR. State of the art of zirconia for dental applications. Dent Mater. 2008; 24:299–307.

31. Aboushelib MN, Dozic A, Liem JK. Influence of framework color and layering technique on the final color of zirconia veneered restorations. Quintessence Int. 2010; 41:e84–e89.

32. Llena C, Lozano E, Amengual J, Forner L. Reliability of two color selection devices in matching and measuring tooth color. J Contemp Dent Pract. 2011; 12:19–23.