Clin Endosc.  2015 Nov;48(6):503-510. 10.5946/ce.2015.48.6.503.

Advanced Imaging Technology Other than Narrow Band Imaging

• Cho JH

• KMID: 2380407
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2015.48.6.503

Abstract

To improve the detection rate of gastrointestinal tumors, image-enhanced endoscopy has been widely used during screening and surveillance endoscopy in Korea. In addition to narrow band imaging (NBI) with/without magnification, various types of electronic chromoendoscopies have been used, including autofluorescence imaging, I-scan, and flexible spectral imaging color enhancement. These technologies enable the accurate characterization of tumors because they enable visualization of microvascular and microsurface patterns. The present review focuses on understanding the principle and clinical applications of advanced imaging technologies other than NBI.

Keyword

Image-enhanced endoscopy; Optical imaging; I-scan; Flexible spectral imaging color enhancement

MeSH Terms

Endoscopy
Korea
Mass Screening
Narrow Band Imaging*
Optical Imaging

Figure

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  Fig. 1. Diagram of the autofluorescence imaging (AFI) system. Adapted from Uedo et al. [3] with permission from Elsevier. CCD, charge-coupled device.

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  Fig. 2. Endoscopic images of tubular adenoma. (A) A conventional white light image showing an elevated tumor with surface nodularity. (B) An autofluorescence image showing the tumor as a purple area in a green background.

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  Fig. 3. Endoscopic images of undifferentiated-type early gastric cancer. (A) A conventional white light image. Irregular reddish mucosa observed at the gastric angle. However, tumor margin cannot be differentiated because of similar color of the background mucosa. (B) An autofluorescence image. The tumor appears as purple nodules with a well-defined, green-colored margin.

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  Fig. 4. Principle of tone enhancement by the post-image acquisition software in the I-scan endoscopy system (Courtesy of Pentax, Tokyo, Japan).

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  Fig. 5. Endoscopic images of a gastric adenoma. (A) A conventional white light image. (B) I-scan with surface enhancement. (C) I-scan with contrast enhancement. (D) I-scan with tone enhancement.

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  Fig. 6. Principle of the flexible spectral imaging color enhancement (FICE) system (Courtesy of Fujinon Corp., Tokyo, Japan). RGB, red, green, blue.

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