J Korean Med Sci.  2017 Jul;32(7):1062-1071. 10.3346/jkms.2017.32.7.1062.

Self-Expandable Metallic Stent Placement for the Palliation of Esophageal Cancer

• Kim KY
• Tsauo J
• Song HY
• Kim PH
• Park JH

• KMID: 2379598
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2017.32.7.1062

Abstract

Esophageal stents have been used to palliate patients with dysphagia caused by esophageal cancer. Early rigid plastic prostheses have been associated with a high risk of complications. However, with the development of self-expanding stents, it has developed into a widely accepted method for treating malignant esophageal strictures and esophagorespiratory fistulas (ERFs). The present review covers various aspects of self-expanding metallic stent placement for palliating esophageal cancer, including its types, placement procedures, indications, contraindications, complications, and some of innovations that will become available in the future.

Keyword

Esophageal Cancer; Self-Expandable Metallic Stents; Esophageal Stenosis

MeSH Terms

Constriction, Pathologic
Deglutition Disorders
Esophageal Neoplasms*
Esophageal Stenosis
Fistula
Humans
Methods
Plastics
Prostheses and Implants
Stents*
Plastics

Figure

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  Fig. 1 Photograph shows a braided SEMS (right) (constructed in-house) and a knitted SEMS (left) (constructed in-house). SEMS = self-expanding metallic stents.

• 

  Fig. 2 Photograph shows a segmented SEMS (Choostent; M.I. Tech, Pyeongtaek, Korea). SEMS = self-expanding metallic stents.

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  Fig. 3 Photograph shows an uncovered SEMS (right) (EGIS; S & G Biotech, Seongnam, Korea), PCSEMS (middle) (EGIS; S & G Biotech), and FCSEMS (left) (EGIS; S & G Biotech). SEMS = self-expanding metallic stents, PCSEMS = partially covered self-expanding metallic stents, FCSEMS = fully covered self-expanding metallic stents.

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  Fig. 4 Photograph shows a SEMS with shouldered ends and a double-layer design (Niti-S Double; Taewoong Medical, Gimpo, Korea). SEMS = self-expanding metallic stents.

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  Fig. 5 Photograph shows (A) a SEMS with antireflux sleeves (Niti-S Double Anti-reflux; Taewoong Medical, Gimpo, Korea); (B) a SEMS with antireflux valves (Hanarostent; M.I. Tech, Pyeongtaek, Korea). SEMS = self-expanding metallic stents.

• 

  Fig. 6 Photograph shows a SEMS deployed using a proximal-release delivery system (Niti-S; Taewoong Medical, Gimpo, Korea). SEMS = self-expanding metallic stents.

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