J Menopausal Med.  2016 Dec;22(3):161-166. 10.6118/jmm.2016.22.3.161.

Effect of Multiparity and Prolonged Lactation on Bone Mineral Density

• Sharma N
• Natung T
• Barooah R
• Ahanthem S

• KMID: 2378236
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.6118/jmm.2016.22.3.161

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
This study was done to determine the effect of multiparity and prolonged lactation on bone mineral density (BMD).
METHODS
This cross-sectional study included 196 perimenopausal and postmenopausal women aged 40 to 60 years old. Age, body mass index (BMI), menopausal status, duration of menopause, parity and total duration of lactation, nutritional history were recorded. Lumbar spine (LS; L2-L4) and femur neck (FN) BMD were measured using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Correlation of parity and lactation with BMD were investigated using multiple regression analysis.
RESULTS
Parity was inversely correlated to BMD for LS (β = −0.266, P = 0.001) and FN (β = −0.380, P = 0.000). This relation remained significant even after adjusting for age, BMI and duration of menopause. Duration of lactation was inversely correlated with BMD for LS (β = −0.271, P = 0.001) but no for FN (β = −0.124, P = 0.130).
CONCLUSIONS
Multiparity and prolonged lactation have negative impact on BMD especially with in a socioeconomic group whose nutritional intake is borderline. Our data support that parity and duration of lactation can be associated with future osteoporosis.

Keyword

Bone density; Lactation; Menopause; Osteoporosis; Parity

MeSH Terms

Absorptiometry, Photon
Body Mass Index
Bone Density*
Cross-Sectional Studies
Female
Femur Neck
Humans
Lactation*
Menopause
Osteoporosis
Parity*
Spine

Figure

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  Fig. 1 Showing correlation of bone mineral density at lumbar spine with parity.

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  Fig. 2 Showing correlation of bone mineral density at femur neck with parity.

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  Fig. 3 Showing correlation of bone mineral density at lumbar spine with duration of lactation.

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  Fig. 4 Showing correlation of bone mineral density at femur neck with duration of lactation.

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