Blood Res.  2016 Dec;51(4):274-278. 10.5045/br.2016.51.4.274.

Allelic variance among ABO blood group genotypes in a population from the western region of Saudi Arabia

• Mohamed AB
• Hindawi SI
• Al-harthi
• Alam Q
• Alam MZ
• Haque A
• Ahmad W
• Damanhouri GA

• KMID: 2364319
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.5045/br.2016.51.4.274

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Characterization of the ABO blood group at the phenotype and genotype levels is clinically essential for transfusion, forensics, and population studies. This study elucidated ABO phenotypes and genotypes, and performed an evaluation of their distribution in individuals from the western region of Saudi Arabia.
METHODS
One-hundred and seven samples underwent standard serological techniques for ABO blood group phenotype analysis. ABO alleles and genotypes were identified using multiplex polymerase chain reaction, and electrophoretic analysis was performed to evaluate the highly polymorphic ABO locus.
RESULTS
A phenotype distribution of 37.4%, 30.8%, 24.3%, and 7.5% was found for blood groups O, A, B, and AB respectively in our study cohort. Genotype analysis identified 10 genotype combinations with the O01/O02 and A102/O02 genotypes being the most frequent with frequencies of 33.6% and 14.95%, respectively. Common genotypes such as A101/A101, A101/A102, A101/B101, B101/B101, and O01/O01 were not detected. Similarly, the rare genotypes, cis-AB01/O02, cis-AB01/O01, and cis-AB01/A102 were not found in our cohort. The most frequently observed allele was O02 (35.98%) followed by the A102 allele (17.76%). Furthermore, our findings are discussed in reference to ABO allele and genotype frequencies found in other ethnic groups.
CONCLUSION
The study has a significant implication on the management of blood bank and transfusion services in Saudi Arabian patients.

Keyword

ABO blood-group system; Alleles; Genotype; Saudi Arabia

MeSH Terms

ABO Blood-Group System
Alleles
Blood Banks
Blood Group Antigens
Cohort Studies
Ethnic Groups
Genotype*
Humans
Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction
Phenotype
Saudi Arabia*
ABO Blood-Group System
Blood Group Antigens

Figure

• 

  Fig. 1 Electrophoretic pattern of the 10 identified ABO group genotypes in a Saudi population using allele-specific multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The numbers on top of each gel are the PCR reaction tube number. Column M shows a 100 base pair (bp) DNA ladder.

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