Korean J Ophthalmol.  2016 Feb;30(1):53-59. 10.3341/kjo.2016.30.1.53.

Higher Order Aberration and Astigmatism in Children with Hyperopic Amblyopia

• Choi SK
• Chang JW

• KMID: 2363891
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.3341/kjo.2016.30.1.53

Abstract

PURPOSE
To investigate the changes in corneal higher-order aberration (HOA) during amblyopia treatment and the correlation between HOA and astigmatism in hyperopic amblyopia children.
METHODS
In this retrospective study, a total of 72 eyes from 72 patients ranging in age from 38 to 161 months were included. Patients were divided into two groups based on the degree of astigmatism. Corneal HOA was measured using a KR-1W aberrometer at the initial visit and at 3-, 6-, and 12-month follow-ups. Correlation analysis was performed to assess the association between HOA and astigmatism.
RESULTS
A total of 72 patients were enrolled in this study, 37 of which were classified as belonging to the higher astigmatism group, while 35 were assigned to the lower astigmatism group. There was a statistically significant difference in success rate between the higher and lower astigmatism groups. In both groups, all corneal HOAs were significantly reduced during amblyopia treatment. When comparing the two groups, a significant difference in coma HOA at the 12-month follow-up was detected (p = 0.043). In the Pearson correlation test, coma HOA at the 12-month follow-up demonstrated a statistically significant correlation with astigmatism and a stronger correlation with astigmatism in the higher astigmatism group than in the lower astigmatism group (coefficient values, 0.383 and 0.284 as well as p = 0.021 and p = 0.038, respectively).
CONCLUSIONS
HOA, particularly coma HOA, correlated with astigmatism and could exert effects in cases involving hyperopic amblyopia.

Keyword

Amblyopia; Astigmatism; Corneal wavefront aberration; Hyperopia

MeSH Terms

Aberrometry
Adolescent
Amblyopia/*physiopathology
Astigmatism/*physiopathology
Child
Child, Preschool
Corneal Topography
Corneal Wavefront Aberration/diagnosis/*physiopathology
Eyeglasses
Follow-Up Studies
Humans
Hyperopia/*physiopathology/therapy
Retrospective Studies
Visual Acuity/physiology

Figure

• 

  Fig. 1 Compiled patients with successful amblyopia treatment. Amblyopia treatment succeeded in 20 patients in the higher astigmatism group (56.82%) and 25 patients in the lower astigmatism group (66.79%) after 12 months of treatment. Higher = higher astigmatism group; Lower = lower astigmatism group. *There was a statistically significant difference in success rate between the higher and lower astigmatism groups at 12 months (p = 0.028).

• 

  Fig. 2 Comparison of total ocular higher-order aberration (HOA), ocular trefoil, ocular coma, and ocular spherical aberrations between the higher astigmatism group and the lower astigmatism group. (A) Ocular total HOA root mean square (RMS). (B) Ocular trefoil RMS. (C) Ocular coma RMS. (D) Ocular spherical RMS. Ocular coma RMS was significantly higher in the higher astigmatism group at 12 months follow-up. Higher = higher astigmatism group; Lower = lower astigmatism group. *p < 0.05, statistically significant, independent t-test.

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