J Korean Acad Nurs.  2015 Dec;45(6):868-878. 10.4040/jkan.2015.45.6.868.

The Psychosocial Adaptation Process of Psychiatric Nurses Working in Community Mental Health Centers

• Min SY

• KMID: 2363110
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2015.45.6.868

Abstract

PURPOSE
The aim of this study was to verify psychosocial issues faced by psychiatric and community mental health nurse practitioners (PCMHNP) working in community mental health centers, and to identify the adaptation processes used to resolve the issues.
METHODS
Data were collected through in-depth interviews between December 2013 and August 2014. Participants were 11 PCMHNP working in community mental health centers. Analysis was done using the grounded theory methodology. The first question was "How did you start working at a community mental health center; what were the difficulties you faced during your employment and how did you resolve them?"
RESULTS
The core category was 'regulating within relationships.' The adaptation process was categorized into three sequential stages: 'nesting,' 'hanging around the nest,' and 'settling into the nest.' Various action/interaction strategies were employed in these stages. The adaptation results from using these strategies were 'psychiatric nursing within life' and 'a long way to go.'
CONCLUSION
The results of this study are significant as they aid in understanding the psychosocial adaptation processes of PCMHNP working in community mental health centers, and indicate areas to be addressed in the future in order for PCMHNP to fulfill their professional role in the local community.

Keyword

Nurses; Community mental health centers; Qualitative research; Psychological adaptation; Social adjustment

MeSH Terms

*Adaptation, Psychological
Adult
Attitude of Health Personnel
Community Mental Health Centers
Female
Humans
Interviews as Topic
Middle Aged
Nursing Staff/*psychology
*Psychiatric Nursing
Surveys and Questionnaires

Reference

1. Ministry of Health and Welfare. Ment Health Policy Serv Guidel 2014. Sejong: Author;2014.

2. Chae EH, Lee HY. The present state of training system for mental health professionals. Korean Soc Health Serv Manag. 2014; 8(1):175–189. DOI: 10.12811/kshsm.2014.8.1.175.

3. Ministry of Health&Welfare. Ment Health Act [Internet]. Seoul: Author;2010. cited 2015 March 3. Available from: http://www.lawnb.com/lawinfo/link_view.asp?cid=6AEE22A1CDAF4DA4910B1C898F15F9F8|R.

4. Kim WJ. Study Job Stress Coping Types Community Ment Health Cent Work [master's thesis]. Kongju: Kongju National University;2011.

5. You K, Lee K. Job satisfaction of psychiatric and community mental health nurses in community mental health centers. Korean J Occup Health Nurs. 2012; 21(2):108–115. DOI: 10.5807/kjohn.2012.21.2.108.

6. Kim HJ. Work stress and job satisfaction of community mental health nurses in South Korea: A qualitative content analysis. J Korean Acad Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs. 2013; 22(4):295–306. DOI: 10.12934/jkpmhn.2013.22.4.295.

7. Jo E, Im H. The mediating effect of job satisfaction between psychiatric social worker's empowerment and job characteristics. Soc Sci Res Rev. 2009; 25(4):323–345.

8. Cha ES. Explor Study Process Ment Health Prof-term Serv: First Gener, Life Clients [master's thesis]. Seoul: Sogang University;2010.

9. Rossi A, Cetrano G, Pertile R, Rabbi L, Donisi V, Grigoletti L, et al. Burnout, compassion fatigue, and compassion satisfaction among staff in community-based mental health services. Psychiatry Res. 2012; 200(2-3):933–938.

10. Crawford P, Brown B, Majomi P. Professional identity in community mental health nursing: A thematic analysis. Int J Nurs Stud. 2008; 45(7):1055–1063.

11. Yang S, Lee GJ, Yu SJ. A comparative study on work satisfaction of PMHNPs in the hospital and community. J Korean Acad Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs. 2004; 13(4):487–495.

12. Kim HJ, Nam HK. A study of community psychiatric mental health nurse's activity. J Korean Acad Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs. 2007; 16(4):489–501.

13. Kim HJ. Study on core competencies of community mental health nurses. J Korean Acad Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs. 2012; 21(1):67–78. DOI: 10.12934/jkpmhn.2012.21.1.67.

14. Seo MK. The impact of organizational factors on teamwork in mental health practice. J Crit Soc Welf. 2004; 17:143–169.

15. Schwartz L, Wright D, Lavoie-Tremblay M. New nurses' experience of their role within interprofessional health care teams in mental health. Arch Psychiatr Nurs. 2011; 25(3):153–163. DOI: 10.1016/j.apnu.2010.08.001.

16. Strauss AL, Corbin JM. Basics Qual Res: Tech Proced Dev Grounded Theory. 2nd ed. Thousand Oaks: CA: Sage;1998.

17. Strauss AL, Corbin JM. SS Kim KR Shin . Basics Qual Res: Grounded Theory Proced Tech. Newbury Park: CA: Sage;1990.

18. Sandelowski M. The problem of rigor in qualitative research. ANS Adv Nurs Sci. 1986; 8(3):27–37. DOI: 10.1097/00012272-198604000-00005.

19. Ministry for Health, Welfare and Family Affairs, Seoul National University R & DB Foundation, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Institute of Health Policy & Management. Improv Train Syst Ment Health Prof Dev Train Guidel. Seoul: Ministry for Health, Welfare and Family Affairs;2009.

20. Bressington DT, Wells H, Graham M. A concept mapping exploration of social workers' and mental health nurses' understanding of the role of the approved mental health professional. Nurs Educ Today. 2011; 31(6):564–570.

21. Brown B, Crawford P, Darongkamas J. Blurred roles and permeable boundaries: The experience of multidisciplinary working in community mental health. Health Soc Care Community. 2000; 8(6):425–435. DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2524.2000.00268.x.

22. Macleod SH, Elliott L, Brown R. What support can community mental health nurses deliver to carers of people diagnosed with schizophrenia? Findings from a review of the literature. Int J Nurs Stud. 2011; 48(1):100–120. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2010.09.005.

23. Veage S, Ciarrochi J, Deane FP, Andresen R, Oades LG, Crowe TP. Value congruence, importance and success and in the workplace: Links with well-being and burnout amongst mental health practitioners. J Context Behav Sci. 2014; 3(4):258.

24. Robinson S, Murrells T, Smith EM. Retaining the mental health nursing workforce: Early indicators of retention and attrition. Int J Ment Health Nurs. 2005; 14(4):230–242. DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-0979.2005.00387.x.

25. Happell B, Welch T, Moxham L, Byrne L. Keeping the flame alight: Understanding and enhancing interest in mental health nursing as a career. Arch Psychiatr Nurs. 2013; 27(4):161–165. DOI: 10.1016/j.apnu.2013.04.002.

26. Coffey M, Hannigan B. New roles for nurses as approved mental health professionals in England and Wales. Int J Nurs Stud. 2013; 50(10):1423–1430.

27. Trenchard S, Burnard P, Coffey M, Hannigan B. Education for community mental health nurses: A summary of the key debates. Nurse Educ Today. 2002; 22(3):258–264. DOI: 10.1054/nedt.2001.0705.