Pediatr Infect Vaccine.  2016 Dec;23(3):188-193. 10.14776/piv.2016.23.3.188.

Differential Diagnosis of Bacterial Cervical Lymphadenitis and Kawasaki Disease in Patients with Fever and Cervical Lymphadenopathy

• Jang H
• Ha EG
• Kim HJ
• Lee TJ

• KMID: 2362477
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.14776/piv.2016.23.3.188

Abstract

PURPOSE
This study identified the characteristics differentiating node-first presentation of Kawasaki disease (NFKD) from bacterial cervical lymphadenitis (BCL) and typical Kawasaki disease (KD).
METHODS
From July 2007 to June 2015, the medical records of patients with BCL, NFKD, and typical KD were retrospectively reviewed. We analyzed and compared the demographic, clinical, laboratory, and imaging characteristics of the cohorts.
RESULTS
Twenty-two patients with BCL, 37 with NFKD, and 132 with typical KD were included in this study. Patients with BCL had longer durations of hospitalization than patients with NFKD. Bilateral and multiple enlarged cervical lymph nodes were associated more with NFKD than BCL. Compared with BCL patients, NFKD patients had lower platelet counts, higher percentages of neutrophils, and higher C-reactive protein (CRP) levels. NFKD patients were older and presented with higher white blood cell counts, percentages of neutrophils, absolute neutrophil counts, and CRP levels as well as lower platelet counts and alanine aminotransferase levels than typical KD patients.
CONCLUSIONS
In febrile patients with cervical lymphadenopathy, the combination of bilateral and multiple enlarged nodes, low platelet count, high percentage of neutrophils, and high CRP levels should prompt consideration of NFKD for prevention of delayed diagnosis of KD.

Keyword

Fever; Lymphadenitis; Mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome

MeSH Terms

Alanine Transaminase
C-Reactive Protein
Cohort Studies
Delayed Diagnosis
Diagnosis, Differential*
Fever*
Hospitalization
Humans
Leukocyte Count
Lymph Nodes
Lymphadenitis*
Lymphatic Diseases*
Medical Records
Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome*
Neutrophils
Platelet Count
Retrospective Studies
Alanine Transaminase
C-Reactive Protein

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