J Korean Acad Nurs.  2015 Apr;45(2):169-182. 10.4040/jkan.2015.45.2.169.

Effects of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy on Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder among School-aged Children in Korea: A Meta-Analysis

• Park WJ
• Park SJ
• Hwang SD

• KMID: 2359855
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2015.45.2.169

Abstract

PURPOSE
This study was a meta-analysis designed to identify effects of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) interventions in alleviating main symptoms of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) among school-aged children in Korea.
METHODS
Examination of several databases including Research Information Sharing Service, Korean Studies Information Service System, Data Base Periodical Information Academic and hand-searched article references, resulted in identification of 1,298 studies done between 2000 and 2013 of which 21 met the inclusion criteria. Comprehensive Meta-Analysis version 2.0 was used to analyze effect sizes, explore possible causes of heterogeneity, and check publication bias with a funnel plot and its trim-and-fill analysis.
RESULTS
Overall effect size of CBT intervention was large (g=1.08) along with each outcome of self-control (g=1.26), lack of attention (g=1.02), social skills (g=0.92), and hyperactivity (g=0.92). For heterogeneity, moderator analysis was performed, but no significant differences were found between the RCT (Randomized Controlled Trials) group and the NRCT (Non RCT) group. Also, meta-regression was performed using sample size, number of sessions, and length of session as predictors, but no statistically significant moderators were found. Finally, a funnel plot along with trim-and-fill analysis was produced to check for publication bias, but no significant bias was detected.
CONCLUSION
Based on these findings, there is clear evidence that CBT intervention has significant positive effects on the main symptoms of school-aged children suffering ADHD. Further research is needed to target diverse age groups with ADHD along with more RCT studies to improve the effectiveness of the CBT intervention.

Keyword

Cognitive behavioral therapy; Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; Meta-analysis

MeSH Terms

Attention
Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/*therapy
Child
*Cognitive Therapy
Databases, Factual
Humans
Psychomotor Agitation
Republic of Korea
Self-Control/psychology
Social Skills

Figure

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  Figure 1 Flowchart of study selection.

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  Figure 2 Forest plots of the effects of CBT on ADHD children (random-effects model).

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  Figure 3 Effects of moderator variables.

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  Figure 4 Results of publication bias analysis.

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