Brain Tumor Res Treat.  2016 Oct;4(2):145-149. 10.14791/btrt.2016.4.2.145.

World Health Organization Grade II Oligodendroglioma Occurring after Successful Treatment for Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

• Yoon SI
• Park KJ
• Park DH
• Kang SH
• Park JY
• Chung YG

• KMID: 2356986
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.14791/btrt.2016.4.2.145

Abstract

When treating childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), secondary neoplasms are a significant long term problem. Radiation is generally accepted to be a major cause of the development of secondary neoplasms. Following treatment for ALL, a variety of secondary tumors, including brain tumors, hematologic malignancies, sarcomas, thyroid cancers, and skin cancers have been reported. However, oligodendroglioma as a secondary neoplasm is extremely rare. Herein we present a case of secondary oligodendroglioma occurring 13 years after the end of ALL treatment.

Keyword

Leukemia; Oligodendroglioma; Neoplasms; Radiation-induced

MeSH Terms

Brain Neoplasms
Global Health*
Hematologic Neoplasms
Leukemia
Oligodendroglioma*
Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma*
Sarcoma
Skin Neoplasms
Thyroid Neoplasms
World Health Organization*

Figure

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  Fig. 1 A contrast-enhanced MRI study of the brain shows a mass in a the right insular cortex with a main diameter of 2 cm in the subcortex of the right insula and no post-contrast enhancement.

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  Fig. 2 In the ×400 view, round uniform nuclei, nucleoli, and perinuclear halos are observed, suggestive of a typical oligodendroglioma. The tumor cells are infiltrating into brain parenchyma.

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  Fig. 3 A: Molecular pathologic results reveals the LOH of chromosomes 1p (ratio-counted tumor nuclei: 50, 1p/1q ratio: 0.64). B: Molecular pathologic results reveals the LOH of chromosomes 19q (ratio-counted tumor nuclei: 50, 19q/19p ratio: 0.65). LOH, loss of heterozygosity.

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  Fig. 4 Molecular analysis reveals positive for the IDH1 mutation at residue 132:pR132H (tumor proportion of the tested tissue: 70%). IDH1, isocitrate dehydrogenase 1.

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  Fig. 5 A contrast-enhanced MRI study of the brain shows a minimal decrease in the size or extent of the underlying non-enhancing tumor involving the right anterior insular region and possible postopeative or post biopsy tissue defects.

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