J Rheum Dis.  2016 Oct;23(5):297-303. 10.4078/jrd.2016.23.5.297.

Chemokine (C-X-C Motif) Ligand 1 (CXCL1) Expression in the Minor Salivary Glands of Sjögren's Syndrome Patients

• Lee KE
• Park DJ
• Choi SE
• Kang JH
• Yim YR
• Kim JE
• Lee JW
• Wen L
• Kim TJ
• Park YW
• Lee JS
• Yoon KC
• Lee SS

• KMID: 2356484
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4078/jrd.2016.23.5.297

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the laboratory and clinical manifestations of Sjögren's syndrome (SS) association with chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1 (CXCL1) expression in the ductal and acinar salivary gland epithelial cells (SGEC) of the minor salivary glands.
METHODS
The sociodemographic data of 106 SS patients was obtained, and the glandular and extraglandular manifestations of the disease documented. The minor salivary glands were biopsied and the laboratory findings analyzed. European League Against Rheumatism SS disease activity index (ESSDAI) and SS disease damage index (SSDDI) scores were obtained during biopsy. An immunohistochemical approach was used to define the expression of CXCL1 in the salivary glands.
RESULTS
Of 106 patients, the minor salivary glands of 22 patients (20.7%) stained positively for CXCL1. Such CXCL1-positive patients exhibited higher ESSDAI scores at the time of biopsy than the CXCL1-negative patients (3.86±2.27 vs. 2.64±1.62, p=0.015). Lymphadenopathy was more frequently observed in CXCL1-positive patients, compared with CXCL1-negative patients (31.8% vs. 9.5%, p=0.014). No differences between groups were identified in terms of sociodemographic characteristics, laboratory data, or the extent of the glandular manifestation of SS.
CONCLUSION
The expression of CXCL1 within the ductal and acinar SGEC of SS patients is associated with lymphadenopathy and elevated clinical disease activity. CXCL1 may play an important role in the disease activity and prognosis of SS.

Keyword

Chemokines; CXCL1; Disease activity; Sjögren's syndrome

MeSH Terms

Biopsy
Chemokine CXCL1*
Chemokines
Epithelial Cells
Humans
Lymphatic Diseases
Prognosis
Rheumatic Diseases
Salivary Glands
Salivary Glands, Minor*
Chemokine CXCL1
Chemokines

Figure

• 

  Figure 1. Immunohistochemistry of the expression of chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1 (CXCL1) in a biopsy of the minor salivary gland of a patient with Sjögren's syndrome. Cytoplasm and membrane of acini and ductal cells from tissue sections show positive staining for CXCL1 (brown) in (A) and (B) (A, ×200; B, ×400).

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