Clinical Characteristics of Patients who Suffered an Injury Associated with A Maritime Accidents

Park, Ji Myoung; Jung, Hyun Min; Kim, Ji Hye; Han, Seung Baik; Kim, Jun Sig; Shin, Dong Wun; Paik, Jin Hui

Abstract

PURPOSE
This study was designed to determine the characteristics of patients who suffered from an injury associated with a maritime accident.
METHODS
Using reviews of medical records, we retrospectively investigated the characteristics of maritime accident related injured patients that visited the emergency center of Inha University hospital. Variables analyzed were age, sex, sailor or passenger, type of accident, time required to arrive at the hospital, type of injury, site of injury, submersion or not, level of submersion, severity of injury, disposition of injury, type of ship, gross tonnage of ship, and distance from shore.
RESULTS
Between January 1999 and December 2009, a total of 85 patients who were injured because of a maritime accident visited the emergency center of InHa Univ. hospital. The mean age of patients was 45.7+/-15.1 years old. Fifty four were male and 31 were female. The most common types of injury were submersion (40.0%) and contusion (38.8%). Submersed patients as a group had a higher injury severity and higher mortality than those not submersed. The most frequent sites of injury were the extremities (62.9%) and the head and neck (35.5%). The mean injury severity scale were 4.63+/-13.05 units?. Almost all patients (85.9%) had a mild degree of injury. The mortality rate was 10.6%; the most common cause of death was drowning.
CONCLUSION
Submerged patients have a higher injury severity and mortality than non-submerged patients. Capsizing and sinking is associated with a higher severity of injury and mortality according to the type of accident, because submersion confers high risk for injury and mortality. Prevention of submersion is important for reducing injury severity and mortality in patients who have maritime accidents.