Effect of Alcohol on Base Deficit in Trauma

Kang, Tae Kyung; Lee, Sang Lae; Ryu, Seok Yong; Cho, Suk Jin; Oh, Sung Chan; Kim, Sung Jun; Ahn, Ji Young; Kim, Hong Yong

Abstract

PURPOSE: Alcohol intake is commonly found in injured patients, and alcohol affects base deficit independently with trauma. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of alcohol on base deficit in trauma patients.
METHODS
Data was retrospectively collected from trauma patients over 18 years of age who were admitted at the emergency center between October 2005 and July 2006. Blood sampling for alcohol level, base deficit evaluation were done within first hour for all patients. Patients were divided according to the serum alcohol level into an alcohol group(serum alcohol level> or =10 mg/dl) and a non-alcohol group. The patients were also stratified into minor (ISS< or =15) and major (ISS> or =16) injury groups according to their injury severity score (ISS).
RESULTS
The study enrolled 63 patients of whom 37 fell into the alcohol group and 26 into the non-alcohol group. The mean alcohol level within the alcohol group was 210+/-85 mg/dl. Base deficit and serum lactate were not found to be significantly different in minor and major injuries, and ISS, base deficit were not significantly different with serum alcohol level. Base deficit was somewhat higher on average but not statistically significant in the non-alcohol group than in the alcohol group (-3.0+/-4.5 vs. -1.8+/-6.7 mmol/L, p=0.444). The base deficit was higher for the major injury-alcohol group than for the major injury-non-alcohol group, but this difference also did not achieve statistical significance (-4.6 +/-5.8 vs -2.4+/-8.1 mmol/L, p=0.117)
CONCLUSION
In the severely injured patients, base deficit appears to be increased with alcohol but we found no statistically significant differences in base deficit and ISS between alcohol group and non-alcohol group of injured patients.