J Korean Soc Emerg Med.  2001 Dec;12(4):439-446.

Diffusion-weighted Imaging in Isolated Vertigo Patients Having Risk Factors for Stroke

• Kang HG
• Yun YS
• Yi JH
• Park IC
• Lee KR
• Chung SW
• Goo HD
• Kim SH

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The management of vertiginous patients is a great challenge to emergency physicians. We evaluated the diagnostic value of a diffusion-weighted image(DWI) in differentiating central vertigo from the peripheral vertigo in patients who presented no neurological symptoms other than risk factors for stroke.
METHODS
From March 2000 to February 2001, we retrospectively analyzed the cases of 68 patients who visited the emergency department with symptoms of isolated vertigo and who had risk factors for stroke. DWIs, computed tomograms(CT), and medical records were reviewed, and the final diagnose, the DWIs and the CT readings, the risk factors for stroke, and the time it took waiting for a DWI or CT scan were analyzed.
RESULTS
Of the 68 patients, 21(30.8%) had central vertigo: 15 vertebrobasilar transient ischemic attacks(VB-TIA), 4 brain stem infarctions, 1 cerebellar infarction, and 1 cerebellopeduncular infarction. The DWI showed a 28.6% sensitivity, a 97.9% specificity, and an 85.7% positive predictive value in diagnosing central vertigo. It also had a 100% sensitivity in detecting infarctions.
CONCLUSION
A DWI had a comparable sensitivity to MRI in detecting central vertigo and small, but potentially, lethal infarctions in our patient population. We recommend clinical application of DWI in the emergency department evaluation of isolated vertigo patients with risk factors for stroke.

Keyword

Vertigo; Diffusion weighted imaging(DWI); Risk factor for stroke

MeSH Terms

Brain Stem Infarctions
Emergencies
Emergency Service, Hospital
Humans
Infarction
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Medical Records
Reading
Retrospective Studies
Risk Factors*
Sensitivity and Specificity
Stroke*
Tomography, X-Ray Computed
Vertigo*