Surgical Correction of Hexadactyly: Innovation of New Technique and Its Application

Tark, Kwan Chul; Lee, Myung Chul

Abstract

PURPOSE
Hexadactyly without thumb is a rare congenital anomaly of the hand where six triphalangeal digits are symmetrically distributed without thumb. Contrary to mirror hands, triphalangeal six digits are symmetrically distributed on each side at the midline with well-differentiated carpal bones, extensor tendons, one ulna and one radius. The authors developed a new surgical technique based on a three-dimensional concept to correct the hexadactyly and applied to 2 cases of hexadactyly with good functional and aesthetic results. Here we document the surgical technique and its result.
METHODS
A 16 month old male patient visited our clinic with chief complaints of bilateral hexadactyly deformity. On physical examination most radial first and second digits showed no opposition and adduction motion on both side hands. Radiography showed 6 triphalangeal digits with normal development of carpal, radial and ulnar bone. Right side abnormality was corrected by removal of most radial side extra-digit, rotation and migration of 2nd ray to thumb position and creation of 1st web by transposing a mid-palm based rectangular palmar flap as in Snow & Littler procedure which has been being applied for correction of 1st web syndactyly in cleft hand deformity. Seven months later, left side abnormality was also corrected with the same procedure.
RESULTS
Postoperative appearances of the both hands were satisfactory. Flexion, extension, opposition and grasping were possible with the pollicized 2nd ray. Pinching power was 3.0kg 15 months after the surgery and 2.5kg 22 months after in right hand respectively.
CONCLUSION
In correction of hexadactyly deformity, satisfactory aesthetic and relevant functional results can be expected with authors' newly developed technique: removal of most radial digit, rotation and migration of 2nd digit to thumb position as well as creation of the 1st web space by transposition of mid-palm based rectangular flap.